龙井茶中主要茶多酚的溶出行为研究
2016-01-08金钰赵明明周有祥胡筱波龚艳石元值胡定金
金钰+赵明明+周有祥+胡筱波+龚艳+石元值+胡定金



摘要:龙井茶是我国的十大名茶之一,其茶汤中含有多种有益组分。以龙井43和龙井群体茶为材料,采用高效液相色谱法研究了冲泡温度、时间、茶水比对龙井茶中咖啡因和主要茶多酚溶出行为的影响。结果表明,当温度从60 ℃升至100 ℃时,群体茶中C、CAF、EGCG、ECG的浸出量分别增加了72.41%、34.26%、31.60%、44.48%,龙井43茶中EGC、C、EGCG、CAF、EC、ECG的浸出量分别提高了278.07%、57.32%、103.62%、10.87%、72.61%、17.21%;不同茶水比对龙井43茶各组分的浸出水平无显著影响,当茶水比为1∶150(W/V)时,龙井群体的EGC、C、CAF、ECG浸出量分别为13.48±0.13、0.57±0.03、6.45±0.08、3.44±0.08 mg/g;冲泡时间与C、EC、CAF和ECG的溶出水平均呈正相关。该结果可为分析龙井茶中咖啡因和主要茶多酚的浸出规律提供参考。
关键词:龙井茶;茶多酚;冲泡;溶出行为
中图分类号:S571.1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2015)23-6007-05
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.23.054
Study on Dissolution Behavior of Main Tea Polyphenolsin in Longjing Tea
JIN Yu1,ZHAO Ming-ming2,ZHOU You-xiang2,HU Xiao-bo1,GONG Yan2,SHI Yuan-zhi3,HU Ding-jin2
(1.College of Food Science, Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China; 2. Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064, China;3. Tea Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310008,China)
Abstract:Longjing tea is one of the top ten Chinese teas,some beneficial compounds are found in teas. The dissolving profile of caffeine(CAF) and polyphenols, including catechin(C), epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin(EC) and epicatechin gallate(EG) in Longjing population and Longjing 43 were analyzed by HPLC-DAD at different brewing conditions, including temperature, time, tea-water ratio. The results showed that the release of C,CAF, EGCG,ECGincreasing 72.41%,34.26%,31.60% and 72.41% respectively were found in Longjing population tea at 100 ℃, compared with those at 60℃, the amount of EGC,C,EGCG,CAF,EC,ECG in Longjing 43 has increased 278.07%,57.32%,103.62%,10.87%,72.61%,17.21%,respectively. The tea-water ratio had no significant effect on Longjing 43,but when the tea-water ratio is 1∶150(W/V), the dissolving EGC,C,CAF,ECG in Longjing population tea were 13.48±0.13,0.57±0.03,6.45±0.08,3.44±0.08 mg/g respectively;and the brewing time is positively correlated with the release levels of C,EC,CAF,ECG.The results could provide a reference for analyzing the dissolving profiles of beneficial compounds in Longjing tea.
Key words:Longjing tea;tea polyphenol; brewing; dissolution behavior
龙井茶产于浙江省杭州市西湖区西湖乡,其外形扁平、挺秀、绿翠、细嫩、匀齐[1],并且以“色绿、香郁、味甘、形美”等优良特性而享誉海内外[2]。茶叶滋味的理化审评指标包括茶多酚[3,4]、咖啡碱[5]、游离氨基酸[6]等,其中茶多酚中的黄烷醇类、羟基-[4]-黄烷醇类、花色苷类、黄酮类、黄酮醇类和酚酸类化合物是茶叶的主要特征化合物。在上述茶多酚中,儿茶素约占多酚类总量的60%~80%,儿茶素类化合物主要包括表没食子儿茶素(Epigallocatechin,EGC)、儿茶素(Catechin,C)、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(Epigallocatechin gallate,EGCG)、表儿茶素(Epicatechin,EC)、表儿茶素没食子酸酯(Epicatechin gallate,ECG),研究表明,这些组分的搭配比例,是决定龙井茶滋味的重要物质基础[7],也是体现龙井茶特征的重要参数,周有祥等[8]通过分析龙井茶样品中的酸水解氨基酸含量,发现水解氨基酸指纹图谱能够较好区分龙井群体和龙井43,同时也可区分龙井茶与其他茶叶。……
