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超声辅助提取剑叶龙血树树叶总黄酮工艺的优化

2016-01-08翁艳英苏秀芳

湖北农业科学 2015年23期
关键词:黄酮

翁艳英+苏秀芳

摘要:为优化超声波辅助提取剑叶龙血树[Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S. C. Chen]树叶中总黄酮的提取工艺,通过单因素试验和正交试验,分析提取条件(提取剂乙醇体积分数、料液比、超声波功率、提取温度、提取时间)对剑叶龙血树树叶中总黄酮得率的影响,确定剑叶龙血树树叶总黄酮的最佳提取工艺条件为超声温度70 ℃、提取剂乙醇体积分数为70%、料液比1∶25(m∶V,g/mL)、超声功率70 W,提取60 min。在最佳提取工艺条件下,剑叶龙血树树叶总黄酮平均率为1.605%。

关键词:超声辅助提取;剑叶龙血树[Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S. C. Chen]树叶;总黄酮;正交试验

中图分类号:Q819        文献标识码:A        文章编号:0439-8114(2015)23-5992-03

DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.23.050

Optimization of Ultrasound Wave Assisted Extraction Technology of Total Flavonoids from Leaves of Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S. C. Chen

WENG Yan-ying,SU Xiu-fang

(Department of Chemistry and Biology Engineering, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Chemistry of Guangxi Southwest Plant Resources, Guangxi Normal University for Nationalities, Chongzuo 532200, Guangxi,China)

Abstract:Explore the optimum extraction conditions of extracting total flavonoids from leaves of Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S. C. Chen by the assisted way of ultrasonic. To make sure the optimum extraction conditions, discussing the factors (ethanol concentration, solid-liquid ratio,the power of ultrasonic, extraction temperature,extraction time) affecting the yield through the single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment with ultrasonic assisted extraction. Optimum extraction conditions were 70 ℃ ultrasonic temperature,70% ethanol,1∶25 solid-liquid ratio(m∶V,g/mL), 70 W ultrasonic power and extracting 60 min. the extraction rate of total flavonoids from leaves of dracaena cochinchinensis could reach up to 1.605%.

Key words: ultrasound wave assisted extraction; leaves of Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S. C. Chen; total flavonoids;orthogonal experiment

剑叶龙血树[Dracaena cochinchinensis (Lour.) S.C.Chen]在叶的基部和茎、枝受伤处常溢出少量的红棕色液体,命名为树脂,主要成分为血竭[1]。血竭具有活血散瘀、消肿止痛、止血等功效,起到抗菌、抗肿瘤、增强免疫等作用[2]。近年来,中国对国产血竭的研究也逐渐发展起来,血竭中的化学成分主要包括挥发油[3]、黄酮类及酚类化合物[4]。剑叶龙血树根部及茎、树叶均含有较多黄酮化合物,已有学者采用超声提取[5]和微波提取[6],并取得比较好的提取效果。研究表明,黄酮化合物具有抗氧化、清除自由基的作用[7,8]。本试验以广西剑叶龙血树树叶为原料,通过单因素试验,结合正交试验探讨超声辅助提取总黄酮的工艺条件,以期为剑叶龙血树的进一步开发利用提供依据。

1  材料与方法

1.1  材料与试剂

材料:剑叶龙血树树叶采自广西崇左市江州区环城路,去掉剑叶龙血树树叶的两端,洗净晾干后切成小片继续晒干,晒干后粉碎,过20目筛,备用;乙醇、亚硝酸钠、硝酸铝和氢氧化钠均为分析纯;芦丁(批号:21911,上海晶纯试剂有限公司)。……

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