栗疫病菌对苯醚甲环唑和氟硅唑的敏感性分析
2016-01-08何秀娟徐育海邱文明
何秀娟+徐育海+邱文明



摘要:采用菌丝生长速率法检测来自湖北罗田板栗产区14株栗疫病菌对苯醚甲环唑和氟硅唑的敏感性。结果表明,苯醚甲环唑对14株栗疫病菌株的EC50范围为0.027 9~0.124 0 μg/mL,平均为0.064 5 μg/mL;氟硅唑对上述菌株的EC50为0.024 6~0.218 6 μg/mL,平均为0.072 5 μg/mL。对不同敏感性菌株的适生性进行检测。结果表明,抗药性较强的菌株菌丝生长速率和致病力显著高于敏感菌株;抗性菌株传代培养10代后的EC50没有显著性变化,其抗药性状可以稳定遗传。
关键词:栗疫病;抗药性;苯醚甲环唑;氟硅唑
中图分类号:S432 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2015)23-5915-03
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.23.030
The Sensitivity of Chestnut Blight to Difenoconazole and Flusilazole
HE Xiu-juan, XU Yu-hai, QIU Wen-ming
(Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, China)
Abstract:The sensitivities of chestnut blight to difenoconazole and flusilazole fungicides were determined in 14 isolates collected from Luotian in Hubei Province by measuring the mycelial growth on PSA media. The results showed that the 50% effective concentration values(EC50) of difenoconazole ranged from 0.027 9 to 0.124 0 μg/mL,with a mean of 0.064 5 μg/mL.And the EC50 values of flusilazole ranged from 0.024 6 to 0.218 6 μg/mL,with a mean of 0.072 5 μg/mL.The fitness test of different sensitive isolates showed that the mycelial growth rate of resistant isolates was faster and the pathogenicity was higher than sensitive isolate significantly. After being subcultured for ten generations,EC50 of the resistant isoltes remained at the same level,the resistance of the isolates may be stable.
Key words: chestnut blight; fungicide resistance; difenoconazole; flusilazole
栗疫病又称栗胴枯病、栗干枯病,该病引起板栗树皮腐烂、枯枝或全树枯死,甚至大片栗树死亡,是著名的森林病害,广泛发生于亚洲、欧洲和北美洲。栗疫病在中国分布十分广泛[1],生产上板栗的病虫害管理环节较为薄弱,因栗疫病严重发生而造成的毁园现象时有发生,并呈上升趋势,栗疫病的防治是栗树栽培中亟待解决的问题。
国家开展了栗疫病的防治研究,在栗疫病抗病育种[2]、弱病毒菌株生物防治[3]等研究方向均取得了一定的进展。中国位于栗疫病菌的起源中心[4],栗疫病菌资源遗传背景和营养体多样性复杂[5],上述防治方式在实际生产中的应用还存着一定的困难[6,7]。栗疫病病原菌是寄生隐丛赤壳菌[Cryphonectria parasitica (Murr.) Barr],属子囊菌亚门。栗疫病防治难度大,一旦发生很难根除。苯醚甲环唑和氟硅唑是三唑类杀菌剂,具内吸性,其作用机理为影响甾醇类生物合成,使菌体细胞膜功能受到破坏,由于广谱高效的抗菌活性和中等的抗药性风险,被广泛用于农业生产中植物真菌病害的防治[8,9]。……
