罗倩+刘晓暄+苏伟

摘要：中国北方农牧交错带是时农时牧过渡带，植被生态特征是反映区域生态质量的重要指标，分析该区域的植被生态特征的时空变化规律具有重要意义。基于时间序列MODIS-NDVI数据和土地覆被数据，利用均值法、分段线性回归法和Mann-Kendall趋势分析法，对北方农牧交错带2001-2013年间各种植被的生态特征时间变化情况、不同生态脆弱区的空间差异情况进行分析。结果表明，在时间尺度上，北方农牧交错带植被生态特征处于缓慢恢复态势，并且近几年植被恢复速度大于前十年;从空间上尺度来看，陕西和黑龙江所在区域是植被恢复面积比率最大、恢复速率最快、植被恢复情况最为明显的区域;青海和河北的植被近年来整体处于恢复的趋势，但是也有相对较大面积的区域植被出现显著的退化趋势;生态脆弱和人类活动变化是导致青海和河北区域植被恢复相对不明显的原因。

关键词：Mann-Kendall;中国北方农牧交错带;NDVI;植被生态特征;土地覆被

中图分类号：S127        文献标识码：A        文章编号：0439-8114（2015）23-5891-05

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.23.023

Vegetation Spatial and Temporal Variation Analysis Based on the Mann-Kendall Patternsin the Agricultural-Pastoral Areas

LUO Qian1，LIU Xiao-xuan1，SU Wei1，2

（1.College of Information and Electrical Engineering， China Agricultural University， Beijing 100083， China;

2.Key Laboratory of Agricultural information acquisition technology ，Ministry of Agricultural， Beijing 100083， China）

Abstract：The Agricultural-Pastoral Areas in northern China is a farming grazing transitional zone， vegetation ecological characteristics is one of the important indicators reflecting the regional ecological quality， so the analysis of the regional vegetation ecological characteristics of space and time variation law is of great significance. This article based on time series MODIS-NDVI data and land cover data， using the average method，  piecewise linear regression method and Mann-Kendall analysis method ，to the north patterns in 2001-2013 annual NDVI change trend， NDVI in various regions， especially in poor ecological restoration area change tendency were analyzed. Results were showed that the time scale， the agriculture and animal husbandry ecotone vegetation ecological characteristics in a slow recovery， and vegetation restoration in recent years faster than in the past ten years; from the point of space scale， Shanxi and Heilongjiang area's vegetation restoration area ratio is the largest， fastest recovery rate， vegetation recovery is the most obvious area; Qinghai and Hebei province in recent years， the overall recovery of vegetation in the trend， but there are relatively large areas of significant regional vegetation degradation trend; ecologically fragile change and human activity is relatively in Qinghai and Hebei regional vegetation restoration is not obvious.

Key words： Mann-Kendall; Agricultural-Pastoral Areas of Northern; NDVI; vegetation ecological features; land coverendprint

中国北方农牧交错带是一条典型的生态脆弱带，既是从干旱地区向湿润地区、从高原地区向丘陵、平原地区、从畜牧业向农业过渡的脆弱带，又是荒漠化威胁最严重的地区，还是中国最重要的生态屏障[1]。该区域在抵御自然灾害的侵蚀，有效化解各种自然灾害，减低风险起到重要的屏障作用。其次，半干旱区域能够对保持中国半湿润粮食主产区的生态、水资源和气候稳定起重要作用[2]。……