城市信号交叉口掉头车道右置安全性能分析*

刘骏郭唐仪▲刘英舜舒垚

(南京理工大学自动化学院南京 210094)

摘要为探索城市信号交叉口掉头车道右置的可行性，分析交叉口的整体状况，从交叉口几何形状、交通构成和信号配时三方面对交叉口适应性进行分析；从安全层面对交叉口运用交通冲突技术进行安全性分析。结合某一T形交叉口，利用Vissim软件进行交通运行仿真模拟，将得到的轨迹导入至SSAM软件进行冲突分析。采用交通冲突类型、冲突数目、冲突空间分布等指标，对比分析了常规车道设置和掉头车道右置2种交通渠化下的冲突特性。研究表明，城市主次道路相交信号交叉口，将掉头车道右置可显著减少交叉冲突、追尾冲突、变道冲突数目，增加冲突时间(TTC)，提升交叉口尤其是掉头车流安全性。

关键词交通安全；掉头车道右置；冲突分析；SSAM

中图分类号：U491.3文献标志码：A

收稿日期：2014-06-24修回日期：2014-10-21

作者简介：第一刘骏(1990-)，硕士研究生.研究方向：交通安全.E-mail:15195995842@139.com

通讯作者：▲郭唐仪(1984-)，博士，副教授.研究方向：交通安全.E-mail:transtor@mail.njust.edu.cn

Safety Analysis of Right-Located U-Turn Lane

at Urban Signalized Intersection

LIU JunGUO TangyiLIU YingshunSHU Yao

(SchoolofAutomation,NanjingUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Nanjing210094,China)

Abstract:To explore the feasibility of setting U-turn lane on the right most lane, This paper analyzes the intersection from three aspects: the shape of the intersection, traffic composition, and signal timing. The paper then evaluate the traffic safety of the intersection based on traffic conflict technique. Using a signalized T intersection as an example, a VISSIM simulation model is developed to simulate the traffic operation at the T intersection. The VISSIM trajectory file is exported into SSAM for the traffic conflict analysis. The conflict characteristics of conventional lane arrangement and the right-located U-turn lane arrangement are compared using the number of conflicts, type of conflicts, and the spatial distribution of conflicts. The results show that, at an intersection where a major road intersects with a minor one, locating the U-turn lane at the most right lane can reduce the number of cross-conflicts, rear end-conflicts, and lane change conflicts, and increases the time to collision (TTC). Thus, the safety performance of U-turn flow is improved by this innovative lane arrangement.

Key words:traffic safety; right-located U-turn lane; conflict analysis; SSAM

*国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(51208261)、教育部人文社会科学青年基金资助项目(12YCZH062)、中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(30920140132033)资助。

0引言

在城市道路交通系统中，交通组成比较复杂，大量的车辆在城市平面交叉口处交织发生冲突，给交叉口通行带来很大的压力，容易造成交通拥堵，严重情况下将导致交通事故。所以，城市道路平面交叉口是城市道路交通的“瓶颈”。……