考虑公共自行车的城市公交出行路径优化方法和模型*

江周1张存保1▲丁国飞2许志达2夏银霞1

(1.武汉理工大学智能交通系统研究中心武汉 430063；2.嘉兴市交通运输局浙江 嘉兴 314001)

摘要目前，城市公交出行路线优化时未考虑结合公共自行车的优点，使得现有的部分公交出行路径优化不够合理。针对这一情况，重点增加了对合理区域内步行、骑自行车换乘的考虑。分析公共自行车加公交出行路径优化的影响因素，并结合GIS建立公交(含公共自行车)数据模型，以换乘次数最少为优先目标，充分考虑合理区域内换乘的情况，起点和终点双向展开搜索，利用公交线路、公交站点集合求交集的方法查询出候选方案集。分别选取行程时间、乘车距离、步行距离较短的出行方案推荐给出行者。结合GIS系统利用该算法进行查询，将获得的优化方案与现有的优化方案进行比较，发现考虑自行车换乘的出行方案平均出行时间减少15.8%，平均出行距离减少18.7%，平均出行费用减少32.3%。

关键词路径优化；公交出行；自行车换乘；GIS系统

中图分类号：U491.4文献标志码：A

收稿日期：2014-09-25修回日期：2014-12-31

基金项目*国家自然科学(批准号：51108361)、中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(批准号：2014-IV-138)、浙江省交通运输厅科技计划项目(批准号：2012T21)资助

作者简介：第一江周(1988-),硕士研究生.研究方向:交通信息工程及控制.E-mail:15827227641@163.com

通讯作者：▲张存保(1976-)，博士，副研究员.研究方向：交通信息工程及控制.E-mail:zhangcunbao@163.com

An Optimization Model of Public Transportation Routes

considering Public-sponsored Bicycles

JIANG ZhouZHANG CunbaoDING GuofeiXU ZhidaXIA Yinxia

(1.IntelligentTransportSystemResearchCenter,

WuhanUniversityofTechnology,Wuhan430063,China；

2.Jiaxingcitytransportdepartment,Jiaxing314001,China)

Abstract:At present, the advantages of using public-sponsored bicycles have not been considered in the process of optimizing the routes of public transit, therefore the routes used may not be optimal. Due to this, transfer through walking and riding a bike in a reasonable area is considered. Firstly, the factors that should be considered when optimizing service routes under the assumption that both public-sponsored bicycle and bus are available, are analyzed. Travel route data(including public bicycles) is collected and then set up within a GIS environment. Using the minimal number of transfer as the target, the transfer within a reasonable distance is fully considered, and the search at each side of original and destination is explored. The candidate routes are enumerated using the joint locations of bus lines stations. Then those routes with minimal travel time, travel distance and/or walking distance will be recommended to travelers. Finally, the algorithm developed is used to query the optimal routes within a GIS system,and the results show that in consideration of bike transfer the average travel time is reduced by 15.8%, the average trip distance is reduced by18.7% and the average travel expense is reduced by 32.3%, compared with the existing optimization scheme.

Key words:path optimization; bus travel; bicycle ride; GIS system

0引言

随着城市快速地发展, 城市的发展规模日益扩大，为了满足人们出行的需要, 城市公共交通覆盖的范围越来越广, 公交线路也逐渐增多。……