基于正交试验的火炮上架多工况结构优化设计

陈杰,杨国来,葛建立

(南京理工大学 机械工程学院,南京 210094)

摘要:为提高某大口径火炮上架刚强度,建立了火炮上架和摇架结构3种典型工况的有限元模型,进行静态刚强度分析,找出原上架结构存在的问题。通过正交试验得到各子工况最优权重系数组合,利用拓扑优化方法,寻求最佳材料分布,重新设计上架立板形状,修改上架筋板布局,并运用尺寸优化方法确定上架主要板件的厚度尺寸。优化结果表明,在结构质量减小的情况下,该上架各工况刚强度均有不同程度的提高,整体结构更加合理,实现了火炮发射载荷的更合理传递。

关键词:火炮;机械设计;上架;正交试验;结构优化

收稿日期:2014-06-26

基金项目:国防“973”计划项目;国家自然科学

作者简介:陈杰(1989- ),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为有限元分析和结构优化设计。E-mail:347585709@qq.com。

通讯作者:杨国来(1968- ),男，教授，博士生导师，研究方向为火炮总体设计。E-mail:yyanggl@mail.njust.edu.cn。

中图分类号:TJ303文献标识码:A

Multi-caseStructureOptimizationDesignforTopCarriage

ofaGunBasedonOrthogonalTest

CHENJie,YANGGuo-lai,GEJian-li

(SchoolofMechanicalEngineering,NUST,Nanjing210094,China)

Abstract:To improve the stiffness and strength of the top carriage of large caliber gun,the finite element model of top carriage and cradle under three kinds of typical working conditions was built.The static stiffness and strength were analyzed to find out the problems existing in the top carriage.The optimal weight coefficient of each working conditions was obtained by orthogonal test, and the topology optimization method was employed to search for optimal material distribution.The plate shape was redesigned,and the top carriage’s layout of stiffeners was modified.The size optimization method was used to determine the thickness of the main panel size.Optimization results show that under the conditions of the structure mass decreasing,the stiffness and strength of top carriage have different degrees of improvement under each working conditions,and the overall structure and fire load transmit are more reasonable.

Keywords:gun;mechanicaldesign;topcarriage;orthogonaltest;structureoptimization

上架是火炮的重要组成部分,起着连接和支撑的作用,它在火炮发射过程中需要承受较大的冲击载荷,其刚强度对火炮战术技术性能有重大影响[1-2]。随着结构优化方法的日渐成熟,火炮设计人员可以利用某种优化方法,使得结构的某些性能达到最优[3-4]。孙全兆等在最大射程角工况下对火炮上架进行了改进设计,运用拓扑优化和尺寸优化大幅提高该工况下上架的刚强度,这种单工况的优化设计不利于该上架在其他工况下的结构性能。……