盐酸吗啡缓释片口服与直肠给药控制癌痛疗效及不良反应观察

翟洪发

江苏省丹阳市中医院药剂科,江苏丹阳212300

[摘要]目的分析和探讨盐酸吗啡缓释片口服与直肠给药控制癌痛疗效及不良反应。方法整群选取该院2013年2月—2014年2月收治的64例癌痛患者，分为口服给药组（n=32）和直肠给药组（n=32），口服给药组为盐酸吗啡缓释片口服，直肠给药组是将盐酸吗啡缓释片通过直肠给药，对两组患者临床治疗效果及不良反应作比较分析。结果治疗后直肠给药组患者生活满意度显著高于口服给药组（P<0.05）；直肠给药组患者消化道不良反应发生率较对照组更低（P<0.05），其它不良反应发生率低于对照组，但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论盐酸吗啡缓释片口服给药和直肠给药均能实现不错的临床效果，但直肠给药不良反应相对较少，是一种安全、简单、疗效显著的给药方式，值得临床推广应用。

[关键词]盐酸吗啡缓释片；口服给药；直肠给药；癌痛；不良反应

[中图分类号]R7

[文献标识码]A

[文章编号]1674-0742（2015）10（a）－0153-03

[作者简介]翟洪发(1964.7－)，男，江苏丹阳人，本科，副主任药师，研究方向：药学。

Abstract[]Objective To analyze and evaluate the hydrochloride oral and rectal morphine administration control and adverse reac鄄tion of cancer pain treatment.Methods In our hospital in 2013 February February 2014 from 64 cases of cancer patients was giv鄄en to treatment group (n=32) and rectum give medicine group (n=32), oral administration group for morphine hydrochloride sus鄄tained-release tablets, rectum give medicine group is the morphine hydrochloride sustained-release tablets by rectal administra鄄tion, of two groups of patients and the clinical efficacy and adverse reactions were compared.Results After treatment of rectum to the satisfaction of life of patients in treatment group was significantly higher than that of oral administration group (P<0.05); rectal drug groups of patients with gastrointestinal adverse reaction incidence were lower than the control group (P<0.05).Other adverse reactions occurred were lower than that of the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclu鄄sion Morphine hydrochloride sustained release tablets by oral administration and rectal administration can achieve good clinical results, but rectal to adverse drug reaction is relatively less is a safe, simple, efficacy significantly to medicine,is worthy of clinical application.

收稿日期：（2015-07-02）

Morphine Hydrochloride Sustained -release Tablets for Oral and Rectal Cancer Pain Control Efficacy and Adverse Reactions Observed

ZHAI Hong-fa

Pharmacy Department, Danyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Danyang, Jiangsu Province, 212300 China

[Key words]Morphine hydrochloride; Oral administration; Rectal administration; Cancer pain; Adverse reaction

癌性疼痛，别名为癌痛，是疼痛部位需要修复或调节的信息传入到神经中枢后引起的疼痛感觉[1]，癌痛病因及发病机制十分复杂，目前尚未完全清楚，可能与肿瘤直接引起的疼痛、癌症治疗所致疼痛、肿瘤间接所致疼痛等有关，一般认为，在血管、软组织、骨头、淋巴管、内脏机械或化学刺激作用下，通过C纤维或Aδ纤维传入神经中枢[2]，进而产生痛觉。中晚期肿瘤患者常见症状为疼痛，约30%~50%患者有中度及重度疼痛，70%的晚期癌症患者有疼痛加剧，给患者心理、精神带来巨大的压力，大大降低了患者的生活质量。……