饮食干预结合驱铅药物治疗铅中毒儿童

赵雅风，王锦华，潘凯

河南科技大学附属三门峡市中心医院儿童保健科，河南三门峡472000

[摘要]目的评价驱铅药物与综合干预对儿童铅中毒的干预效果。方法整群选择该院2010年1月—2013年6月血铅水平在100 μg/L以上的患儿300例，随机分为对照组和观察组，每组150例。干预前进行血铅检测留样，对两组患儿均进行驱铅药物治疗，对观察组患儿实施健康教育、饮食干预和行为干预等综合干预措施，干预4个月后复检血铅。结果观察组患儿铅中毒相关防护知识调查得分、饮食及卫生行为习惯得分均高于对照组患儿，比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。经治疗后，观察组出院后6个月的血铅水平明显低于对照组，比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论在常规驱铅药物治疗基础上加强饮食干预可有效纠正患儿的不良饮食习惯和不良卫生习惯，降低血铅水平，具有临床推广应用价值。

[关键词]儿童；铅中毒；驱铅药物；饮食干预

[中图分类号]R135.1

[文献标识码]A

[文章编号]1674-0742（2015）10（a）－0030-02

[作者简介]赵雅风（1973-），女，河南三门峡人，本科，副主任医师，研究方向：儿童生长发育、多动症、矮小症。

Abstract[]Objective To evaluate the effect of removing lead drugs and comprehensive intervention on children with lead poisoning.Methods 300 cases with the blood lead level over 100 μg/L admitted in our hospital from January 2010 to June 2013 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 150 cases in each.Before intervention, both groups were given the blood lead level test and treated by the removing lead drugs.The children in the observation group were given health education, dietary intervention, behavioral intervention and so on additionally.The blood lead level was tested in the two groups again 4 months after intervention.Results The scores of the knowledge related to lead poisoning, dietary and hygienic and behavioral habit of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, respectively with statistically significant difference (P<0.05).After treatment, the blood lead level 6 months after discharge of the observation group was much lower than that of the control group with statistically significant difference (P<0.05).Conclusion Dietary intervention combined with the conventional removing lead drugs treatment can effectively correct the bad dietary and hygienic habits and reduce the blood lead level with the value of clinical application and promotion.

收稿日期：（2015-06-26）

Effect of Dietary Intervention Combined with Removing Lead Drugs in the Treatment of Children with Lead Poisoning

ZHAO Ya-feng, WANG Jin-hua, PAN Kai

Child Healthcare Department, Sanmenxia Central Hospital Affiliated to Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Province, 472000 China

[Key words]Children; Lead poisoning; Removing lead drugs; Dietary intervention

铅是有毒的重金属元素，主要从消化道及呼吸道进入人体，低钙、低锌、低铁饮食可增加铅的吸收率[1]。铅中毒可累及儿童神经、血液、消化等全身多系统并影响生长发育。铅中毒的处理遵循环境干预、健康教育和驱铅治疗的基本原则，包括实施营养干预，及时补充蛋白质、维生素和微量元素，纠正营养不良和钙、铁、锌的缺乏[2]；……