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一株致香真菌香气成分的GC睲S分析

2015-10-21李德英李娜

安徽农业科学 2015年3期
关键词:气相色谱

李德英 李娜

摘要 [目的]GCMS分析致香真菌香气成分。[方法]用顶空液相微萃取法(HLSM)和有机溶剂萃取法对一株致香真菌产生的香气进行萃取分析。[结果]顶空液相微萃取法,萃取剂甲醇的效果好,最适萃取体积为3 μl,萃取时间为5 min。其中烃类有8种,含量占总量的8.03%;醇类有2种,含量占总量的0.03%;酯类有5种,含量占总量的7.95%;酮类为3种,含量占总量的0.81%;酸类有2种,含量占总量的0.11%。有机溶剂萃取法,萃取剂乙醚的萃取效果好,其中烃类有20种,含量占总量的56.20%;酸類3种,含量占总量的307%;酯类7种,含量占总量的21.27%;醇类2种,含量占总量的1.62%;酮类有1种,含量占总量的0.51%。[结论]对该致香真菌香气成分的分析可为其应用提供参考。

关键词 香气成分;气相色谱-质谱联用仪;致香真菌;顶空液相萃取法

中图分类号 S182;Q935  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611(2015)03-217-03

GCMS Analysis of the Aroma Compounds Produced by an Aroma Fungi

LI Deying, LI Na

(The Ecological Environment Engineering College, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai 810016)

Abstract [Objective] The aroma compounds produced by a fungi were analyzed by GCMS. [Method] Two methods for extracting sweet smelling substance of an aroma fungi by HeadSpace LiquidPhase Microextraction (HSLM) and Solvent Extraction. GCMS was used in the research. [Result] The method of HSLM, better extractant was methanol, extractant volume was 3 μl, time was 5 minutes. Volatile compounds were hydrocarbon (8 kinds, taking up relative content 8.03%), alcohol (2 kinds, taking up relative content 0.03%), esters (5 kinds, taking up relative content 7.95%), ketones (3 kinds, taking up relative content 0.81%), and acids (2 kinds, taking up relative content 0.11%). The method of Solvent Extraction, better extractant was ether. Volatile compounds were hydrocarbon (20 kinds, taking up relative content 56.20%), alcohol (2 kinds, taking up relative content 1.62%), esters (7 kinds, taking up relative content 21.27%), ketones (1 kinds, taking up relative content 0.51%), and acids (3 kinds, taking up relative content 3.07%). [Conclusion] Analysis of aroma components of the aroma fungi laid the foundation for study and development of natural perfume.

Key words Aroma components; GCMS; Aroma fungi; Headspace liquidphase microextraction

基金项目 青海大学中青年基金团队项目(2012QNT7)。

作者简介 李德英(1982- ),女,青海西宁人,讲师,硕士,从事微生物学研究。

收稿日期 20141211

微生物因代谢产生不同气味物质而被人们所知,而这些气味有些是人们喜欢的,而有些则是让人们厌恶的。由于有些微生物有其特殊的气味,而被广泛用于食物和饮料中,如牛奶、奶酪、奶油、酒等[1-2]。人们把能够产生人们喜欢的气味的微生物称为致香微生物或致香菌。利用微生物生成有香气的物质或者是通过微生物的作用转换成与香料关联的物质的尝试已正在进行[3]。Y.Wache发现,某些酵母菌能产生香味物质而且已将这些香味物质用于生产香水和香味调料等领域[4]。……

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