王志华 董立坤 吕海民 康凯丽

摘要 [目的]了解武汉地区月季黑斑病的发生规律及防治效果。[方法]对武汉地区月季黑斑病的发生规律及主要影响因子进行了调查，并研究了50%嘧菌酯·戊唑醇水分散粒剂、75%百菌清可湿性粉剂、50%嘧菌酯水分散粒剂3种杀菌剂对该病的防治效果。[结果]圃地病残体是该病的初侵染来源，气温、降雨量及降雨次数与该病的发生程度密切相关。3种杀菌剂在该病发生流行时对其均有不同的防治效果，其中50%嘧菌酯水分散粒剂稀释800倍效果最好，达到64.5%，75%百菌清可湿性粉剂稀释1 500倍的防效达到63.1%，且药后对月季安全，在发病前施药效果更好。[结论]试验结果为月季生产提供了参考。

关键词 月季黑斑病;发生规律;防治效果;武汉

中图分类号 S436.8+1  文献标识码

A  文章编号 0517-6611（2015）03-123-02

The Occurrence Regularity in Wuhan Area and Field Efficacy of Rose Black Spot

WANG Zhihua， DONG Likun*， LV Haimin et al

（Wuhan Institute of Landscape and Gardening， Wuhan， Hubei 430081）

Abstract  [Objective] The aim was to understand occurrence regularity and control effect of rose black spot. [Method] The occurrence regularity of rose black spot and influence factors in Wuhan area were investigated. Control effects of three fungicides against rose black spot were studied. [Result] The wreck of diseased plant in the nursery was initial infestation source of rose black spot. The temperature and rainfall were main factors closely related to this disease. The three kinds of fungicides were effective to control this disease and safe to the rose. The control efficacy of 50% Azoxystrobin WDG whose effective dose was 200 mg/kg reached 64.5%， and that of 75% Chlorothalonil WP （1 500 times dilution） reached 63.1%. [Conclusion] The results provide reference for the production of rose.

Key words  Rose black spot; Occurrence regularity; Control efficacy; Wuhan

基金項目 湖北省武汉市园林局科研项目[武园（2011）67号]。

作者简介 王志华（1987- ），女，河南新乡人，工程师，硕士，从事园林植物病虫害研究。*通讯作者，高级工程师，硕士，从事园林植物病虫害研究。

收稿日期 20141203

月季黑斑病，为世界性月季病害，是国内月季品种上发生普遍的重要病害^[1]。该病以危害叶片为主，其次是叶柄、叶梢、幼嫩枝和花梗。武汉地区该病可从4月份持续危害到11月份，使月季秋季开花遭到毁灭性打击，并严重削弱其长势，造成严重经济损失。该病除危害月季外，还危害玫瑰、蔷薇、黄刺玫等。目前生产上常选用百菌清、多菌灵、代森铵等药剂进行防治，用药量大，施药次数多^[2]。嘧菌酯和戊唑醇单剂已广泛应用于蔬菜、果树、花卉等植物病害防治上，防效突出^[3-5]，在防治菊花白粉病上也有报道^[6]。……