右美托咪定和咪达唑仑用于臂丛神经阻滞的效果比较
2015-10-21侯子鑫
侯子鑫
摘要:目的: 探讨右美托咪定和咪达唑仑用于臂丛神经阻滞的效果比较。方法: 依据随机数字表将本院2012年1月至2013年9月收治的70例择期上肢手术患者(ASA I ~Ⅱ级)随机分为咪达唑仑(MID)组和右美托咪定(DEX)组(各35例),记录两组感觉、运动阻滞的起效时间及持续时间,评价两组术后的镇痛效果(视觉模拟评分VAS法)并记录不良反应。结果: DEX组的感觉、运动阻滞的起效时间均短于MID组,但持续时间均长于MID组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后即刻、6h和12h的VAS评分均低于MID组(P<0.05),两组术后24h VAS评分的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。DEX组的呼吸抑制和心率减慢不良反应的发生率低于MID组(P<0.05)。结论 :右美托咪定用于臂丛神经阻滞的效果较好,并可提高镇痛效果,对呼吸和循环系统的影响较小。
关键词:右美托咪定;咪达唑仑;臂丛神经阻滞;镇痛
Abstract:Objective To compare the effect of dexmedetomidine and midazolam on brachial plexus block. Methods 70 cases undergoing selective upper extremity surgery (ASA I~Ⅱ) admitted by our hospital from January 2012 to September 2013 were randomly divided into midazolam (MID) group and dexmedetomidine (DEX) group (n=35). The onset times and durations of sensory and motor block were recorded in both groups. The postoperative analgesia effect was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS). Meanwhile, the adverse reactions were recorded. Results The onset times of sensory and motor block were shorter and duration were longer in DEX group versus MID group (P<0.05). The DEX groups VAS score were lower than MID group immediately, 6h and 12h after surgery (P<0.05). The incidences of adverse reactions and respiratory inhibition in DEX group were lower than those in MID group (P<0.05). Conclusion The effect of dexmedetomidine a on brachial plexus block is better with improvement on analgesic effect and little effect on the respiratory and circulatory systems.
KeyWords:Dexmedetomidine;Midazolam;Brachial plexus block;Analgesic effect
在开展上肢手术时,臂丛神经阻滞是常用麻醉方法,但会存在阻滞不全和心脏毒性等风险[1]。为达到较好的阻滞效果,需适当的麻醉药物辅助,本研究分别采用右美托咪定和咪达唑仑用于臂丛神经阻滞,现就两者的疗效报告如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料 病例为本院2012年1月至2013年9月收治的70例择期上肢手术患者,ASA I ~Ⅱ级,其中男性42例,女性28例;年龄范围为24~44岁,平均年龄为(37.6±13.8)岁;体质量51~72kg,平均体质量为(59.3±18.2)kg。纳入标准:(1)肝肾功能及心电图检查正常;(2)无镇静药物史、局麻过敏及心血管疾病史等;(3)均签署知情同意书。依据随机数字表将患者随机分组,且例数、年龄、体质量的差异无统计学意义。咪达唑仑(MID)组:35例,男性21例,女性14例;平均年龄为(36.2±11.5)岁,平均体质量为(58.7±17.3)kg。右美托咪定(DEX)组:35例,男性21例,女性14例;平均年齡为(38.7±15.2)岁,平均体质量为(60.5±17.6)kg。
1.2方法 两组均于进入手术室后给予常规吸氧,监测其……
