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青年脑出血的病因及危险因素分析

2015-10-16徐辉赵薇方岩王遂山

中外医疗 2015年25期
关键词:危险因素病因

徐辉++赵薇++方岩++王遂山

[摘要] 目的 探讨青年脑出血的危险因素及病因。 方法 回顾分析商丘市第一人民医院2008年1月—2014年1月间青年脑出血的临床资料。 结果 青年脑出血779例,占11.52%,男性占64.70%,女性占36.30%;发病年龄(35.45±8.35)岁。病因:高血压病495例(63.53%),血管畸形56例(7.18%),瘤卒中19例(2.44%),血液系统疾病18例(2.31%),妊娠/产褥期27例(3.47%),烟雾病15 例(1.92%),不明原因147例(18.87%),系统性红斑狼疮2例(0.26%)。危险因素:高血压541例(69.44%),吸烟141例(18.10%),饮酒213例(27.34%),糖尿病42例(5.39%),心脑血管病家族史186例(23.88%),血脂异常119例(15.28%)。结论 近年来青年脑出血发病率逐年增多,男性多见;高血压是主要病因,其次是脑血管畸形,部分患者病因不明;高血压病史、吸烟、饮酒、卒中家族史、血脂异常可能与青年脑出血的发病有关。

[关键词] 青年;脑出血;病因;危险因素

[中图分类号] R743.34 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2015)09(a)-0030-03

Analysis of Causes and Risk Factors in Young People with Intracerebral Hemorrhage

XU Hui1, ZHAO Wei2, FANG Yan1, WANG Sui-shan1

1.The Department of Neurology of the NO 1 Hospital in Shangqiu,Shangqiu, Henan Province, 476100 China;2.The Hospital of the First Team in the Armed Police Gold Forces,Haerbin Heilongjiang Province, 150000 China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the causes and the risk factors of young people with intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH). Methods Collect 779 patients with ICH in department of neurology of the NO 1 hospital of Shangqiu during January 2008 to January 2014. Results Young people with ICH accounted for 11.52% of the total ICH in the same period,which accounted for 64.70% of males and 36.30% for females,the mean age is (35.45±8.35)years.The cause of all 779 cases,including hypertension in 495 cases (63.53%),vascular malformations in 56 cases(7.18%),18 cases(2.31%)of the blood system diseases,while 19 cases(2.44%)of tumor apoplexy,27 cases(3.47%)of pregnancy or in the puerperium,15 cases(1.92%)of moyamoya disease,147cases (18.87%) can't find the cause,and 2 cases(0.26%) of SLE.The risk factors:hypertension were 541 cases(69.44%),smoking were 141 cases (18.10%), alcohol consumption were 213 cases(27.34%),family history of cerebrovascular disease were 186 cases(23.88%),lipid disorder were 119 cases(15.28%). Conclusion In the recent six years,the number of young people with ICH were increased year by year and chiefly in males.The causes were diversity, the main reason were hypertension and the second were Vascular malformation. There were still a number of cryptogenic ICH;History of hypertension,smoking,alcohol consumption,family history of stroke and lipid disorder may be associated with ICH in young people.

[Key words] Young people; Intracerebral hemorrhage; Causes; Risk factors

脑出血(Intracerebral Hemorrhage,ICH)是神经系统高致残和高致死率的疾病,年发病率为60~80/10万[1]。由于生存环境和生活习惯的改变,年轻脑出血患者发病率逐年增多,已严重危及青年人的健康。该文通过回顾性分析该院6年来18~45岁脑出血患者的临床资料,探讨青年脑出血的发病原因和危险因素,现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

整群选取在该院2008年1月—2014年1月间神经内科7 d内就诊的18~45岁脑出血患者的病例资料。青年脑出血患者共779例,占同期脑出血住院患者的 11.52%。男性患者504例(64.70%),女性275例(36.30%),男女比例为1.83:1,平均年龄(35.45±8.35)岁。除外外伤性脑出血、硬膜下血肿、硬膜外血肿和脑梗死出血转化。

1.2 方法

自制表格收集以下资料:①性别、年龄;②高血压(≥140/90 mmHg)、糖尿病(空腹>7.0 mmol/L,随机……

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