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心理干预对社区精神分裂症患者日常生活能力的影响研究

2015-09-15朱世辉王玉

中国医药科学 2015年14期

朱世辉??王玉

[摘要] 目的 探讨心理干预对社区精神分裂症患者日常生活能力的影响情况,探索有效改善社区精神分裂症患者日常生活能力的措施。 方法 选取社区精神分裂症患者为研究对象,随机分为研究组和对照组,研究组接受为期半年的心理干预,并进行对照研究。 结果 两组患者一般情况、PSP、ADL及BPRS基线评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);入组12周后,两组患者PSP评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而ADL、BPRS评分研究组明显优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);入组24周后,两组患者PSP、ADL及BPRS评分研究组均明显优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 实施心理干预可以提高社区精神分裂症患者的社会适应能力,有效改善其日常生活能力。

[关键词] 心理干预;社区精神分裂症患者;日常生活能力

[中图分类号] R473.74 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 2095-0616(2015)14-210-03

Study on the influence of psychological intervention on the activities of daily living of community schizophrenics

ZHU Shihui1 WANG Yu2

1.Haidian District Qinghe Community Health Service Center, Beijing 100085, China; 2.Haidian District Mental Health Prevention-Treatment Hospital, Beijing 100194,China

[Abstract] Objective To discuss the influence of psychological intervention on the activities of daily living of community schizophrenics and explore effective measures for improving activities of daily living of community schizophrenics. Methods Select community schizophrenics as study objects, divided into study group and control group at random with a view to make patients in the study group receive psychological intervention for half a year and then carry out control study. Results The comparative difference of general condition, PSP, ADL and BPRS baseline scores of patients in both groups is not significant (P>0.05); the comparative difference of PSP scores of patients in both groups after 12 weeks does not have statistical significance (P>0.05); the difference of ADL and BPRS scores of patients in both groups has statistical significance (P<0.05), because ADL and BPRS scores of patients in the study group are obviously better than those in control group; after 24 weeks, the difference of PSP, ADL and BPRS of patients in both groups has statistical significance (P<0.05), because these three indicators of patients in the study group are obviously better than those in control group. Conclusion The psychological intervention can effectively improve the social adaptive capacity and activities of daily living of community schizophrenics.

[Key words] Psychological intervention; Community schizophrenics; Activities of daily life

精神分裂症患者随着病情的演变,逐渐出现社会适应不良,社会功能部分或全部丧失,往往存在认知功能缺陷、情感交流障碍和意志行为异常[1-2],各类抗精神病药物治疗尽管能有效地控制患者的精神症状,但对于患者社会功能缺损及精神残损症状却难以奏效[3-4],给患者本人及其家庭带来沉重的负担。随着病程的迁延,患者阴性症状越来越突出、精神衰退越来越严重,不但可以导致患者丧失社会功能,造成精神残疾,而且还会造成患者日常生活能力明显下降,严重者甚至生活完全不能自理[5]。为提高他们的社会适应能力,改善其日常生活能力,笔者对社区精神分裂症患者实施为期半年的心理干预,并进行对照研究,以期了解心理干预对社区精神分裂症患者日常生活能力的影响情况。endprint

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

1.1.1 对象 于2014年3月,选取社区精神分裂症患者60例为研究对象,随机分为研究组和对照组各30例。研究组中……

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