信阳小麦生产特点及应变栽培的思考
2015-09-02周国勤李彩丽尹志刚李刚陈金平
周国勤 李彩丽 尹志刚 李刚 陈金平
摘 要:简要介绍了信阳小麦生产的特点,并对新形势下稻茬小麦生产中存在的灾害频发、增产过缓、技术推广受限等问题及当前发展小麦生产的技术需求进行了分析。针对信阳实际,提出了加强农田基础设施建设、选用适宜品种、合理布局、利用科学化、确定适宜播期播量、规模经营等几条切实可行的应变栽培技术措施,以期为信阳小麦实现持续稳定增产提供参考。
关键词:信阳;稻茬小麦;应变栽培;轻简化
中图分类号:S512.1 文献标识码:A DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2015.09.028
Thinking about the Wheat Production Feature and Corresponding Cultivation Techniques in Xinyang
ZHOU Guo-qin, LI Cai-li, YIN Zhi-gang, LI Gang, CHEN Jin-ping
(Xinyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China)
Abstract: The article introduced the characteristics of wheat production for wheat following rice in Xinyang, under the new situation, the questions of frequent natural disasters and yield slowly increase, technical requirements of wheat production were analyzed. The paper puts forward the feasible corresponding cultivation technique measures of strengthening the construction of infrastructure of farmland, selecting suitable variety, rational distribution, suitable for sowing date and sowing quantity and scale operation, according to the real situation in Xinyang, so as to provide reference to achieve wheat steady increasing yield in Xinyang .
Key words: Xinyang; wheat following rice; corresponding cultivation techniques; light simplification
信阳稻茬麦区属亚热带向暖温带过渡地带,自然条件错综复杂,地理地貌迥异,光、热、水等自然因素年际间变幅大,气候、土壤、降水等呈明显的过渡性地带特征,以稻麦两熟为主。该区小麦常年种植面积在33万hm2左右,小麦商品率较高,而且有较大的增产潜力,是河南省粮食主产区,小麦产量的高低对全省乃至全国粮食安全有一定的影响[1]。近几年,党中央、国务院采取保护耕地、按最低收购价托市收购粮食、减免税收、建立直接补贴制度、加大投入等一系列政策措施,一定程度上调动了广大农民的种粮积极性,粮食生产实现恢复性增长,面积有一定的恢复,单产、总产快速增长,粮食总产连续11年增产。纵观当前小麦生产特点,在现有高基数、高起点的基础上继续保持粮食的增产难度较大,众多存在的限制粮食进一步增产的问题需引起足够的重视。
1 信阳小麦生产的现状与水平……p>
