张艳芬　万瑶

摘 要： 农村饮水问题历来是民生大事，调查天津市农村集中供水水质及水处理状况，对保障农村饮水安全，提高农民生活质量，加快社会主义新农村建设非常必要。通过调查天津市农村集中供水水质条件和水处理技术，本文提出了适宜天津市农村集中供水不同水质条件的水处理技术。结果显示：受天津市特殊地理位置以及水文地质结构影响，农村集中供水地下水源存在4种水质，包括F-超标、苦咸水、色度超标和一般无特殊水质，分别采取反渗透处理技术、一体化净水处理技术以及常规消毒处理技术。依据水质处理效果得出：天津市农村集中供水地下水源高氟、苦咸水宜采用反渗透处理技术；高色度水宜采用一体化净水技术；一般无特殊水质宜采用常规二氧化氯消毒处理技术。

关键词：天津市农村集中供水；地下水源；水质条件；水处理技术；调查分析

中图分类号：R123.9 文献标识码：A DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2015.09.023

Investigation on Groundwater Quality Conditions and Water Treatment Technology in the Rural Centralized Water Supply Area of Tianjin City

ZHANG Yan-fen， WAN Yao

（Tianjin Hydraulic Research Institute， Tianjin 300061， China）

Abstract：The problem of rural drinking water has always been the particularly important events of the people. To protect the safety of drinking water in rural areas， to improve the quality of life of farmers and to accelerate the construction of new socialist countryside， the investigation focused on the quality of drinking water and treatment technology in rural areas of Tianjin is very necessary. By investigating the water quality and water treatment technology of rural centralized water supply in Tianjin City， this paper presented the appropriate groundwater treatment technology for different water quality conditions in the rural centralized water supply of Tianjin City. The results showed that in the influence of the special geographical position of Tianjin and the hydrogeological structure， there were four kinds of water quality in the rural centralized groundwater supply of Tianjin City， including excessive fluoride， brackish water， excessive chroma and general water quality， they were respectively taken measures of reverse osmosis technology， integrated water treatment technology and conventional disinfection technology. Basing on the effect of water treatment， it is showed that excessive fluoride and brackish water is appropriate to reverse osmosis treatment technology. Excessive chroma groundwater is suitable for integrated water treatment technology. General groundwater is fit of conventional chlorine dioxide disinfection technology.

Key words： Tianjin City centralized water supply in rural areas；underground water source；water quality conditions；water treatment technology；investigation and analysis

农村饮水问题历来是民生大事，美国等发达国家早在20世纪80年代就开始农村安全供水的各项关键技术研究。我国的农村饮水安全工作相对比较落后，2006年以前，基本属于饮水解困阶段，2006年以后，开始全面转向以保障饮水安全为中心的新的历史阶段。“十一五”期间，天津市水务局把农村饮水安全工程作为重点建设项目实施，全市累计完成饮水安全工程投资7.33亿元，受益人口145.41万人，天津市提前一年全部完成了国家下达的“十一五”规划建设任务。……