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不同萃取方法对绿茶香气成分影响的研究

2015-09-02周顺珍杨春郭燕陈娟陈正武龚雪

天津农业科学 2015年9期

周顺珍 杨春+郭燕+陈娟 陈正武 龚雪

摘 要:以绿茶为原料,采取直接加热和沸水浸泡两种方式萃取其中的香气成分,旨在分析不同萃取方法对绿茶中的香气在成分和含量上的差别。结果表明:两种方法检测出的香气成分种类及含量不同,沸水浸泡的萃取方式较直接加热的萃取方式种类丰富。两种萃取方式所检测出的萜烯类成分的总含量大致相同,但沸水浸泡的种类较直接加热丰富。萜醇类是绿茶芳香物质的主要成分,其中最重要的两种为芳樟醇和香叶醇,两种萃取方式所检测出的萜醇类成分的总含量和种类大致相同,但沸水浸泡方式检测出芳樟醇含量高达15%以上。由此认为,在对绿茶香气成分的分析研究中,可优先考虑沸水浸泡法。

关键词:顶空固相微萃取;绿茶;香气成分;萜类成分

中图分类号:S571.11 文献标识码:A DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2015.09.015

Analysis of Aroma Compounds in Green Tea with Different Extraction Methods

ZHOU Shun-zhen,YANG Chun,GUO Yan,CHEN Juan, CHEN Zheng-wu,GONG Xue

(GuiZhou Tea Research Institute, Guiyang,Guizhou 550006, China)

Abstract: In this paper, taking green tea as raw material, this study adopted direct heating mode and boiling water heating mode to extracting aromatic substances in green tea, aimed to find out the changes of the fragrant substances in green tea with different extraction methods. Results showed that detection of two kinds of methods of aroma components in different types and content, but the type immersion heating was directly heated rich. Terpene alcohols composition was the main composition of aromatic components of the green tea, one of the most important two kinds of linalool and geraniol, two extraction methods of measuring the total content of the composition of terpene alcohols and kinds roughly the same, but soaking heating mode linalool content as high as 15% above。As a result,considered in the analysis and research of the green tea aroma components,can give priority to the boiling water immersion method 。

Key words: Headspace solid-phase micro-extraction; green tea; aroma constituents; terpenic constituents

茶叶香气是决定茶叶品质的重要因子之一,也是消费者在购买茶产品时首要判断的依据之一。因此,历来得到茶叶科研工作者的重视。分析茶叶香气的第一步是茶叶香气的提取。由于茶叶香气含量低微、组成复杂、易挥发、不稳定,在提取过程中易发生氧化、聚合、缩合、基团转移等反应,需采用特殊的分离提取技术[1-2]。因此,选择茶叶香气提取方法十分重要,它直接关系茶叶香气的定性和定量分析结果。本研究以花香型茶树资源为研究对象,比较沸水浸泡和直接加热萃取方式研究绿茶香气的差异。分析花香绿茶香气的形成因子,找出其特征香气的主要关联成分,对贵州花香型茶树新品种的利用推广具有重要意义。……

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