辣椒花蕾长度和单核靠边期花粉细胞比例间的关系
2015-09-02胡梅高杰葛菊芬许建朱君芳王娜
胡梅 高杰 葛菊芬 许建 朱君芳 王娜
摘 要:为了提高辣椒游离小孢子培养时取材的准确性,采用DAPI荧光染色法对4个不同品种类型的辣椒材料(Pimiento、HXR-WU-02、猪大肠及Chile Guajillo)5个不同长度区组的花蕾进行染色观察,研究辣椒的花蕾长度与其花粉中小孢子单核靠边期比例之间的相关性。结果表明,不同品种辣椒花蕾长度与小孢子单核靠边期比例之间存在差异性。且当花蕾长为4.0~4.49 mm时,4个供试辣椒品种Pimiento、HXR-WU-02、猪大肠及Chile Guajillo中在单核靠边期的小孢子比例最高,分别为62.15%,68.04%,74.4%,60.23%。依据花蕾长度与小孢子单核靠边期比例的关系确定游离小孢子培养最佳时期所对应的选蕾标准。
关键词:辣椒;小孢子;花蕾长度;发育时期
中图分类号:S641.3 文献标识码:A DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2015.09.003
Relationgship between Length of Buds and Ratio of Uninucleate Microspore at Periphery in Capsicum annuum L.
HU Mei1, GAO Jie1, GE Ju-fen2, XU Jian1, ZHU Jun-fang1, WANG Na1
(1.College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830052,China; 2. Urumqi Institute of Vegetable,Urumqi, Xinjiang 830075 ,China)
Abstract: In order to improve the accuracy of drawing materials when chili pepper isolated microspore culture,using DAPI fluorescent staining to stain and observe four different varieties of chili pepper (Pimiento, HXR-WU-02, pig intestine and Chile Guajillo) and the five different length interval of chili pepper′s bud, the relationship between length of chili pepper′s bud and ratio of uninucleate microspore at periphery in chili pepper was studied. The results showed that differences existed between length of bud in different varieties of chili pepper and ratio of uninucleate microspore at periphery in chili pepper .When the bud length is in 4.0~4.49 mm, the proportion of Uninucleate microspore at periphery of four varieties tested is the highest, and the ration is 62.15%, 68.04%, 74.4% and 62.15%, respectively. So the relationship between length of chili pepper′s bud and ratio of uninucleate microspore at periphery in chili pepper can define the standard of bud selection in correspondence with the optimal stage of anther culture.
Key words: Capsicum annuum L.; microspore; development stage; flower bubs
辣椒(Capsicum annuum L.)是茄科辣椒属一年生或多年生草本植物,原产地在美洲中部和南部的热带地区,在明末传入我国,并被普遍种植,是人们广为熟知的一种蔬菜,也是中国栽培面积最大的蔬菜作物之一[1-3]。辣椒属常异花授粉植物[2]。由于杂种优势十分明显,杂交种一般比常规品种增加30%到50%的产量,同时抗病性、抗逆性提高和适应性增强[4]。因此,研究单倍体育种的工作具有重要意义。
花培和小孢子游离培养是诱导单倍体植株[5]的重要方法之一。国内辣椒花药的培养始于1973年[6]。此后,许多学者对辣椒进行了大量的花药培养试验研究[7-8],而今已成为获取辣椒单倍体比较成熟的技术,在辣椒遗传育种的工作中已被利用[9-10]。与花药培养相比,游离小孢子培养可获得纯合单倍体植株,可避免花药培养中母体组织带来的杂合体[11]。……
