汽车副仪表板本体总成的生命周期评价
2015-08-19张雷徐国浩张伟伟张城魏长庆
张雷+徐国浩+张伟伟++张城++魏长庆



摘 要:为了支持汽车整车及其关键零部件的绿色设计研发,以提高汽车产品的环境友好性、可再生利用性为目的,本文针对主要材料为改性PP聚丙烯(Polypropylene,PP)聚丙烯)的两款汽车副仪表板进行了生命周期评价(Life Cycle Assessment,LCA)对比分析,采用GaBi 4 软件对生产制造过程中的物料消耗、能源消耗以及对外排放进行统计分析,并利用CML2001方法评价了生产制造及回收过程中的环境影响。对比分析结果表明:,A型汽车副仪表板较B型来说,在生产回收过程中,能耗、环境酸化和温室效应影响较严重,故优化现有的原材料制备工艺与成分含量,改良汽车副仪表板结构设计是减少环境影响的有效途径。
关键词:生命周期评价;GaBi 软件;汽车副仪表板;改性聚丙烯PP材料;酸化
中图分类号:TH145.4;;U463 文献标识码:A
Life Cycle Assessment of Vice Dashboard Assembly of Automobile
Zhang Lei1,Xu Guohao1,Zhang Weiwei1,Zhang Cheng1,Wei Changqing2
(1. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, ,Hefei University of Technology, ,Hefei 230009, ,Anhui,China;
2. Chery Automobile Co.,Ltd, ,Wuhu 241000,,Anhui, China)
Abstract:In order to support the green design and development of automobile and its key components,to improve the environmental friendliness and renewable of automotive products, this paper is about LCA analysis of the vice dashboard of automobile made of the modified PP (polypropylene), using GaBi 4 software to make statistical analysis of material consumption, energy consumption and external emissions in the manufacturing process, and taking advantage of the CML2001 method to evaluate the environmental impact in manufacturing and recycling processes. The results show that: Compared with the vice dashboard of automobile of type B, in manufacturing and recycling processes of vice dashboard assembly of automobile of type A, the effects of energy consumption environmental acidification and Greenhouse are more serious, its the effective ways to reduce effects that optimizing the existing preparation technology of materials and improving the structural design of a vice dashboard assembly of automobile.
Key words:life cycle assessment (LCA); GaBi software; vice dashboard of automobile; modified Polypropylene PP; acidification
0. 引 言
在我国,汽车工业是的能源和资源消耗较多,污染物排放也比较严重的部门之一。面对汽车产量和保有量的高速增长,我们不得不关注汽车产业持续发展所必须面临的生态环境问题[1]。虽然新型材料零部件的应用使汽车在行驶过程中的油耗降低,在一定程度上节约了能源和也减少了环境污染,但其原材料获取和加工制造阶段的能耗和污染物排放量将大于对传统材料的获取和制造[2]。所以对汽车关键零部件进行生命周期分析,是改良汽车材料,提高汽车性能,减轻环境污染的重要依据,也是实现生命周期评价方法在产品设计和生产阶段应用的有效途径。……
