刘应蛟，徐贝，喻亚飞，龚力民，曾晓艳，刘塔斯*（湖南中医药大学药学院，湖南长沙410208）

三种不同方法提取吴茱萸果实挥发油成分的GC-MS分析

刘应蛟，徐贝，喻亚飞，龚力民，曾晓艳，刘塔斯*
（湖南中医药大学药学院，湖南长沙410208）

目的用GC-MS法分析吴茱萸果实中挥发油的化学成分，为其不同方法提取提供实验依据。方法采用水蒸气蒸馏法、索氏提取法和超声提取法对吴茱萸果实挥发油进行提取，用GC-MS法测定，结合NIST05数据库对分离的化合物进行鉴定，并采用归一法计算各组分的相对峰面积。结果3种不同方法提取吴茱萸果实挥发油的化学成分有差异，分别分离鉴定出57、51和38个组分，共有成分25个，其中主要成分为β-月桂烯、β-罗勒烯、α-蒎烯、β-芳樟醇、［1S-（1α，2β，4β）］-1-乙烯基-1-甲基-2，4-二（1-甲基乙烯基）-环己烷、石竹烯、吉马烯、α-布藜烯和氧化石竹烯等。结论采用水蒸气蒸馏法和索氏提取法得到具有一定药理活性的石竹烯、α-蒎烯、榄香烯及β-罗勒烯等成分时，能够达到同样的提取效果。因此可以综合考虑所需要的组分而选择合适的提取方法。

吴茱萸；水蒸气蒸馏法；索氏提取法；超声提取法；挥发油；GC-MS

〔Abstract〕Objective To analyze the chemical components of the essential oil of from Evodiae Fructus with GC-MS and provide experimental basis for its different exaction methods.Methods The volatile oils of Evodiae Fructus were extracted by steam distillation，Soxhlet extraction and ultrasonic extraction methods.The chemical compounds were identified by GCMS method and NIST05 database.The relative content of each component was calculated by area normalization.Results There are some differences in chemical compounds of the essential oil from Evodiae Fructus by three different methods.57，51 and 38 components of volatile oil were identified separately，and there were 25 same components.The main components are β-Myrcene，β-ocimene，α-pinene，β-Linalool，［1S-（1α，2β，4β）］-1-ethenyl-1-methyl-2，4-bis（1-methylethenyl）-cyclohexane，caryophyllene，germacrene D，α-bulnesene and caryophyllene oxide etc.Conclusion The steam distillation and Soxhlet extractionmethods showed the same effectin extracting of chemical compounds with some pharmacological activities，such as caryophyllene，α-pinene，elemene and β-ocimene etc.So the needs of components should be taken into consideration for the right extraction method.

〔Keywords〕Evodiae Fructus；steam distillation；Soxhlet extraction；ultrasonic extraction；volatile oil；GC-MS

吴茱萸为芸香科（Rutaceae）植物吴茱萸Evodia rutaecarpa（Juss.）Benth.、石虎Evodia rutaecarpa （Juss.）Benth.Var.officinalis（Dode）Huang或疏毛吴茱萸Evodia rutaecarpa（Juss.）Benth.Var.bodinieri（Dode）Huang的干燥近成熟的果实［1］。始载于《神农本草经》，味辛、苦，性大热，有小毒。具有散寒止痛、降逆止呕、助阳止泻等功效，用于厥阴头痛、寒疝冷痛、脚气疼痛、五更泄泻等症［2］。近代研究证明，其具有镇痛、镇静、抗菌、降压、耐缺氧等药理作用［3］。本文采用三种不同的提取方法，探讨其异同，为吴茱萸果实挥发油成分的优化提取提供实验基础。……