湘江四环素及抗性基因含量特征及其季节变化
2015-07-20范长征等
范长征等



摘要:采用高效液相色谱质谱法分析了湘江长沙河段水体及底泥中4种常见四环素类抗生素的含量特征及其季节变化,并采用实时荧光定量PCR研究了该水域相应的5种代表性抗生素抗性基因(tet A,tet C,tet G,tet M和tet X)的存在及丰度.结果表明,水体中四环素类抗生素的质量浓度均值在16.23~496.73 ng·L-1之间,底泥中四环素类抗生素的质量分数为347.77~3 829.75 ng·kg-1,易受季节变化影响.5种目标抗性基因在所有样品中均有检出,其中tet A和tet C的绝对拷贝数及相对丰度较高,为湘江长沙河段的优势抗性基因.相关性分析表明:冬季水体中的tet A和tet C含量与底泥中的含量显著相关,几种目标抗生素与抗性基因之间并不存在明显线性关系.
关键词:基因;湘江;四环素抗生素
中图分类号:X172 文献标识码:A
Abstract: This paper adopted highperformance liquid chromatographymass spectrograph (HPLCMS) to investigate the occurrence and seasonal changes of tetracycline antibiotics in the Xiang River and its sediments. Five representative antibiotic resistance genes (tet A, tet C, tet G, tet M, tet X) in water and sediment samples were quantified with realtime PCR. The concentrations of tetracycline showed sensitive seasonal changes, ranging from 16.23 ng·L-1 to 496.73 ng·L-1 in the water samples, and from 347.77 ng·kg-1 to 3 829.75 n·kg-1 in the sediment samples, respectively. The target resistance genes were detected in all samples. Compared with other resistance genes, tet A and tet C were higher in absolute copy number and relative abundance, suggesting that the tet A and tet C were dominant in the Xiang River. Statistical analysis indicated a positive correlation between the relative abundance of tet A and tet C in the water samples and the sediment samples in winter. There was no linearly relationship between antibiotics and resistance genes.
Key words: genes;the Xiang River; tetracycline
近年来,抗生素及抗生素抗性基因(Antibiotics Resistance Genes,ARGs)污染已经成为日益严峻的全球性环境问题[1-2].
四环素类抗生素具有广谱性、质优价廉等优点,是目前应用最广泛用量最大的抗生素种类之一[3].该类抗生素对革兰氏阴性菌、革兰氏阳性菌和衣原体等微生物发挥作用,具有广谱抗菌性和良好的治疗效果.四环素类抗生素主要包括四环素(Tetracyline,TC)、土霉素(Oxytetracycline,OTC)、金霉素(Chlortetracycline,CTC)和强力霉素(Doxycycline,DOX)等,这些抗生素不仅广泛应用于医疗,还作为兽药大量用于畜禽养殖业和水产养殖业[4].中国是四环素类抗生素生产、销售和使用的大国,年出口量高达1.34×107kg.湘江是长江七大支流之一,也是长沙市饮用水的主要来源.湘江长沙河段周边居民超过700万,周边畜……
