周明亮 陈明华 吴伟生 谢荣清 蒋世海 杨平贵

摘要：为了研究白萨福克羊在高原地区机体的适应性，试验以饲养在四川省红原地区的白萨福克羊为研究对象，按季度测定了其生理生化指标。结果表明：①白萨福克羊四季的呼吸频率变化范围为（34.10±12.08）～（74.56±10.91）次/min，体温的变化范围为（38.96±0.23）～（40.80±0.74） ℃，心率的变化范围为（83.10±9.40）～（97.56±12.06）次/min;②WBC、MCV、MCH和MCHC等指标以春、夏季极显著（P<0.01）低于秋、冬季，RBC、HCT和RDW-CV等指标以春、夏季极显著（P<0.01）高于秋、冬季，HGB在四季中无显著差异，PLT的变化范围为（161.44±143.47）×109～（348.25±182.97）×109/L;③ALT、AST、TP、GLO、LDH和CHOL等6项指标以夏、秋季高于冬、春季，ALB和GLU指标以春、秋季高于夏、冬季，PCHE指标以冬、春季高于夏、秋季，ALP和CA指标以秋、冬季高于春、夏季。

关键词：白萨福克羊;生理生化指标;季节;适应性

中图分类号：S826;S811.5        文献标识码：A        文章编号：0439-8114（2015）02-0395-03

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.02.034

Seasonal Variation of Physiological and Biochemical Indexes of White Suffolk Sheep

ZHOU Ming-liang， CHEN Ming-hua， WU Wei-sheng， XIE Rong-qing， JIANG Shi-hai， YANG Ping-gui

（Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science， Chengdu 611743， China）

Abstract：In order to study the adaptability in plateau area， the physiological and biochemical indexes of White Suffolk sheep in four seasons were measured. The results showed that the respiration rate of White Suffolk sheep was from 34.10 to 74.56 times per minute. The body temperature and heart rate was from 38.96 to 40.80 ℃ and from 83.10 to 97.56 times per minute， respectively. The indexs of WBC， MCV，MCH and MCHC in autumn and winter were significantly higher than those in spring and summer. The RBC，HCT and RDW-CV in autumn and winter were significantly lower. HGB had no significant difference in spring， summer and autumn. The PLT was from 161.44×109 to 348.25×109/L. The indexs of ALT，AST，TP，GLO，LDH and CHOL in summer and autumn were significantly higher than those in winter and spring. The ALB and GLU in spring and autumn were significantly lower. PCHE in summer and autumn were significantly lower than those in winter and spring. ALP and CA in autumn and winter significantly higher than those in spring and summer.

Key words：white suffolk sheep; physiological and biochemical indexes; season; Adaptability

白萨福克羊是澳大利亚于1977年开始培育的一种头和四肢为白色的萨福克羊品种，在萨福克羊的基础上，导入无角陶塞特和边区来斯特羊的血液，在杂二代中剔除有黑斑个体逐步选育提高其生产性能而培育出的肉用绵羊品种。2009年，四川省草原科学研究院从澳大利亚引入12只白萨福克羊，饲养于四川省草原科学研究院在成都市新津县的基地内，先后进行了生理指标和血液生理生化指标测定及生长发育、繁殖性能和疾病等方面的研究[1，2]。引进的白萨福克羊旨在与藏绵羊杂交，在新津地区过渡饲养2年后，全部运至四川省阿坝州红原县的四川省藏绵羊原种场内饲养。

红原县位于北纬31°51′-33°19′、东经101°51′-103°23′，全县平均海拔为3 600 m，属于大陆性高原寒温带季风气候，主要特征是：寒冷，四季难以明显划分，春、秋季短促，长冬无夏，热量低;干雨季节分明，雨热同季;日照长，太阳幅射强烈;灾害性天气多;1月为冷月，平均气温-10.3 ℃，最热为7月，平均气温10.9 ℃;极端最低气温为-36 ℃，最高气温为25.6 ℃;年均日照2 417 h，年均降水量为753 mm，80%集中在5～10月;年均积雪期为76 d，长则3个月，短则2个月左右。……