（铜仁学院，ａ．生物与农林工程学院；ｂ．梵净山野生动植物资源保护与利用研究中

摘要：为研究斑鳜（Siniperca scherzeri Steindachner）的繁殖生物学，对铜仁市锦江河采集的42尾斑鳜样本进行了生物学指标测定。结果表明，4～9月为其繁殖期，雌性性成熟年龄为Ⅱ龄，雄性性成熟年龄为Ⅰ龄;同性别未成熟的斑鳜，其性腺重、脏体比和成熟系数随年龄的增长而增大;雌、雄鱼的性腺重、脏体比和成熟系数在处于生殖期而又未产卵或排精的个体于Ⅲ龄以上亲鱼达到高峰;该鱼产卵类型属于分批产卵型;绝对怀卵量随着体长、体重的增加而有所增加，当雌鱼达到一定体重后相对怀卵量有所下降。

关键词：斑鳜（Siniperca scherzeri Steindachner）;繁殖生物学;成熟系数;脏体比;怀卵量

中图分类号：S932        文献标识码：A        文章编号：0439-8114（2015）02-0385-03

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.02.032

Preliminary Studies on Reproductive Biology of Siniperca scherzeri in Jinjiang River

RAN Huia，b，LIANG Zheng-qia，b，ZHOU Yia

（a.College of Biological & Agriculture-Forestry Engineering; b.Research Center for Conservation and Utilization of Wildlife Resources in Fanjing Mountain， Tongren University， Tongren 554300， Guizhou， China）

Abstract：Siniperca scherzeri Steindachner is a commercially valued species that naturally lives in the Jinjiang River. In order to study the reproductive biology of S. scherzer， 42 mature individuals collected from the Jinjiang River in Tongren city were studied. The results showed that the main spawning season of S. scherzeri population took place from April to September. Female sexual maturity was at the age of II years. Male sexual maturity was at the winter of age I. The gonad weight， organ-body ratio and coefficient of maturity generally increased with increase of age at the same before reproduction. The gonad weight， organ-body ratio and coefficient of maturity reached to the peak value in age III of females and males in breeding season but before lay eggs or spermiation. The spawning type of S. scherzeri belongs to batch spawning type. The absolute fecundity of S. scherzeri increased with the increase of body length and body weight. When females reached a certain weight， its relative fecundity declined.

Key words：Siniperca scherzeri Steindachner; reproductive biology; gonadosomatic index （GSI）; organ-body ratio; fecundity

斑鳜（Siniperca scherzeri Steindachner）属硬骨鱼纲（Osteichthyes）鲈形目（Perciformes）鮨科（Serranidea）鳜鱼属（Siniperca Gill）[1]。斑鳜是小型肉食性淡水底栖凶猛鱼类，江河、湖泊中都能生活，尤喜栖息于流水环境。斑鳜主要捕捉小鱼、小虾为食，生长期长[2]，其肉质细嫩、味道鲜美、刺少，有“淡水石斑”之美誉。自20世纪70年代以来，斑鳜野生资源因水质污染、捕捞过度等原因逐步趋于衰退[3]。

锦江河发源于梵净山，在铜仁市境内河段长68.5 km，流域面积1 281 km2。锦江河的鳜类资源丰富，20世纪80、90年代锦江河有鳜类7种[4，5]。近20年，锦江河鳜类资源逐渐衰退，2006年在锦江河仅监测到中国少鳞鳜（Coreoperca whiteheadi）和斑鳜2种[6]。2009年锦江河成为第三批国家级水产种质资源保护区，主要保护对象是黄颡鱼（Pelteobagrus fulvidraco）、鳜鱼（Siniperca chuatsi）。水产资源保护区建立后，鳜类资源在本地区有所恢复，斑鳜是锦江河野生鳜类的优势种[7]，已有对锦江河斑鳜肌肉成分的报道[8，9]。……