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微创软通道治疗高血压脑出血85例的临床分析

2015-01-30王维军杨华

中国医药科学 2014年20期
关键词:高血压脑出血手术

王维军+杨华

[摘要]目的 探讨高血压脑出血微创手术治疗的疗效。 方法 对85例高血压脑出血患者采用尿激酶辅助微创软通道手术治疗,术后随访3个月,对其血肿清除情况、患者恢复情况等临床资料进行回顾性分析总结。结果 术后血肿完全清除82例,再出血2例,死亡4例,存活81例,按照日常生活能力(ADL)Barthel指数评分法,100分:15例,>60分:53例,21~40分:13例。 结论 微创软通道治疗高血压脑出血,并发症少、手术时间短、患者恢复快、疗效可靠、成本低、容易被患者接受。

[关键词]高血压脑出血;手术;预后

[中图分类号]R651.1 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]2095-0616(2014)20-31-03

Clinical analysis on 85 cases of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage with minimally invasive soft channel technology

WANG Weijun YANG Hua

Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China

[Abstract]Objective To explore curative effect of minimally invasive operation in the treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage.Methods The soft drainage channel of minimally invasive techniques for the treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage in 85 cases with the use of urokinase dissolve and drainage hematoma, after finishihg that, the postoperative investigate of 3 months wound be followed. The hematoma removal, recovery in patients with clinical data was retrospectively analyzed. Results There were 82 cases of postoperative hematoma having been cleared,but bleeding suffered in 2 cases and 4 cases of them showed the death of patients, besides, 81 cases of survival, according to the activities of daily living (ADL) Barthel scores, 100 scores:15 cases; >60 scores:53 cases; 21-40 scores:13 cases. Conclusion Iimally invasive soft channel in the treatment of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, existing less complications, and with shorter operative time. The patients recover quickly, and the curative effect is reliable with low cost and it is easily being accepted by patients.

[Key words]Cerebral hemorrhage; Surgery; Prognosis

近年来高血压脑出血的发病率仍有缓慢上升,并且有年轻化趋势,由于对高血压脑出血患者抢救的及时性和成功率的不断提高,死亡率有一定程度的下降,但致残率仍很高,严重危害人们的健康,其治疗方法值得探讨,本科室自2012年1月~2014年2月采用微创软通道手术治疗85例高血压脑出血患者,现将结果总结报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

患者85例,男54例,女31例;年龄36~76岁,平均59岁,均有高血压病史1~25年,平均15.6年。基底节区出血61例,并破入脑室15例,脑叶出血22例,脑室出血2例。术前GCS评分:6~7分为20例(23.5%),8~9分为37例(43.5%),10~13分为28例(33.0%)。血肿量30~70mL不等,平均51mL。

1.2 术前检查

患者均于术前行头颅CT检查明确为高血压脑出血,可疑患者均行MRA排除动脉瘤、脑血管畸形等疾病,所有患者均据CT计算机测算血肿量;术前常规检查凝血功能、血常规、肝肾功能及传染病检查等。

1.3 病例选择

患者无脑疝表现,无凝血功能障碍,有开颅手术指针但患者年龄大和(或)心肺功能不全不能耐受开颅手术患者,高血压脑出血量幕上>30mL,幕下>10mL。

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