杨华新

在英语中，不少单词有两个甚至多个意思，我们把这种现象称之为一词多义。一词多义是很普遍的语言现象。在完形填空的选项中，有时也出现一些多义词。对这类词的常见意义掌握得不够全面，会给考生在解答完形填空时带来很大的干扰，导致错选误选。喜欢用排除法的考生，由于遗漏或是没掌握某些单词的多个意思，结果把本应是答案的选项给排除掉。以下是笔者对一些多义词在完形填空中对学生解题干扰的分析：

1.（2009广东）To make sure that he was remembered with love and respect， Nobel arranged in his to give the largest part of his money to establish the Nobel prizes， which would be awarded to people who made great contributions to the causes of peace， literature， and the sciences practice.

A. book B. article C. will D. contract

2.（2011广东） It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The argument has been on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual （智力的） growth by learning situation that has designed for the children.

A. smart B. curious C. mature D. average

3. The attempt to find jobs， the continuous disappointment of being told that it was impossible for a blind person to law， the rejection letter， not based on my lack of ability but rather than on my disability， will always remain one of the most upsetting experiences of my life.

A. disobey B. challenge C. practice D. make

4. While I was waiting for the bus， he happened to pass by and offered to give me a .

A. help B. car C. lift D. way

5. Robinson speaks such English that he often fails to make himself understood.

A. traditional B. indirect C. fluent D. broken

6. ... More and more， professors say，they are coming across rude students in their classrooms. Many of todays young scholars

arrive late，leave early，talk loud or take care of personal

such as paying bills during class.

A. feeling B. interest C. computer D. business

7. ...That leads to a growing imprudence（轻率行动）among some college students. “Theres a great deal of bad behavior in the world around them，and young people see it and develop disrespect”，said Dr. Amanda， that sometimes students “ have no idea that they are being rude.”

A. speaking B. adding C. warning D. wishing

干扰原因分析：

例1：当年不少考生不知道will表示“遗嘱”，他们误以为在此是“意志”的意思，甚至还将之视为情态动词。

例2：average在此不是“平均的”之意，而是“平庸的，普通的（ordinary）”之意。

例3：practice在此不是“练习；操练”之意，而是to work as a doctor or lawyer “从医或从事律师行业” 之意，又如：He was banned from practicing medicine.（他被禁止行医）

例4：lift除了表“电梯；提升”等意思外，还有free ride“免费搭车”，如：give sb. a lift“给某人提供顺风车”。

例5：broken在此不是“破碎的；破烂的”之意，而是spoken imperfectly or not fluently“蹩脚的；不流利的”，如broken English“蹩脚的英语”。endprint

例6：business 不是“生意”之意，而是“事务；事情”等。句中的take care of personal business意思是“处理个人事务”。

例7：add在此是“补充说”，而不再是“增加”之意。

对策：考生在复习备考的过程中，不妨把一词多义的单词（词组）摘录下来，并养成把该词的各种意思串连成句来记忆的好习惯。笔者在教学之余，对部分一词多义的单词进行了整理，并串连成句，希望对广大考生能起到抛砖引玉的作用。

1. Where did you lay the eggs laid by the hen？ （lay摆放；下蛋）

2. Julia is a pretty pretty girl. （pretty 非常；漂亮的）

3. Her major problem is that she doesnt know which major to take up. （major主要的；专业）

4. On the tree hung a criminal who was hanged for murder. （hang悬挂；绞死）

5. The boy lying in bed often tells lies. （lie躺；撒谎）

6. He adopted my suggestion that he adopt a child. （adopt采纳；收养）

7. Were very content with the content of the lesson. （content满意的；……