李永涛 王霞 王振猛 魏海霞 周健 刘德玺 亓文琪 赵春周

摘要 [目的]探索白蜡光合作用与环境变化的关系。[方法]以白蜡优良无性系鲁蜡5号及原生绒毛白蜡为试材，对其自然生长条件下主要光合生理指标进行了测定。[结果]鲁蜡5号与对照光合速率日变化曲线均呈双峰型， 峰值出现在10：00 和16：00， 有明显的光合午休现象;温度在32.85 ℃时净光合速率最大，两者无明显差异;在强光条件下， 鲁蜡5号的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度及胞间CO2浓度均高于对照;经相关性分析，鲁蜡5号的净光合速率与蒸腾速率呈显著正相关，气孔导度与湿度呈显著正相关，胞间 CO2浓度与温度呈显著负相关，与湿度呈显著正相关。[结论]为白蜡栽培管理提供了理论依据。

关键词 白蜡;光合作用;日变化

中图分类号 S718.55+4.1 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2014）33-11786-02

Photosynthetic Characteristics Diurnal Variation of Superior Clones of Fraxinus chinensis

LI Yong-tao1， WANG Xia1， WANG Zhen-meng1， LIU De-xi1* et al

（Shandong Academy of Forestry Sciences， Jinan， Shandong 250014）

Abstract [Objective] The aim was to explore the relationship between photosynthesis of Fraxinus chinenesis and environmental change. [Method] The photosynthetic characteristics under natural growth conditions of Fraxinus pennsylvanica ‘Lula Wuhao and native Fraxinus velutina were studied. [Result] The diurnal photosynthetic rate of Fraxinus pennsylvanica ‘Lula Wuhao and the contrast varied with two peak curves. The peaks occurred at 10：00 and 16：00. It had midday depression obviously. The net photosynthetic rate reached maximum at 32.85 ℃， and there was no significant difference between them. Under the strong light condition， the net photosynthetic rate， transpiration rate， stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration of Fraxinus pennsylvanica ‘Lula Wuhao were higher than the contrast. After the correlation analysis， the net photosynthetic rate of Fraxinus pennsylvanica ‘Lula Wuhao had a significant positive correlation with transpiration rate; the stomatal conductance had a significant positive correlation with the humidity; the intercellular CO2 concentration had a significant positive correlation with the humidity， and had a negative significant correlation with the temperature. [Conclusion] The results provide theoretical basis for cultivation management of Fraxinus chinenesis.

Key words Fraxinus chinenesis; Photosynthesis; Diurnal variation

基金项目 山东省自主创新专项（2012CX90303）;国家级星火计划项目（2012GA740003）;山东省农业良种工程项目[鲁农字（2010）6号]。

作者简介 李永涛（1984-），男，山东寿光人，助理工程师，硕士，从事林木遗传育种研究。*通讯作者，研究员，从事耐盐碱林木良种选育研究。

收稿日期 2014-10-20

光合作用是植物生长发育的基础，受到很多方面因素的影响，是植物最重要的生理过程，其日变化是分析环境因素影响植物生长和代谢的重要手段[1]。白蜡（Fraxinus chinenesis）是营造用材林、城市绿化和防护林的优良树种，并具有一定的耐盐能力[2]，栽培范围广。鲁蜡5号（Fraxinus pennsylvanica‘Lula Wuhao），为红梣，具有耐鹽、速生性强特点，是新选育的优良城市绿化优良树种，常做园林绿化、行道树及防护林树种。……