微生物发酵玉米秸秆饲料在生长育肥猪养殖中的应用
2014-10-21卢珍兰李致宝俸祥仁莫品方蒋爱国闭炳芬
卢珍兰 李致宝 俸祥仁 莫品方 蒋爱国 闭炳芬
摘要 [目的]研究發酵玉米秸秆饲料对生长育肥猪生产性能的影响。[方法]选用120头健康体重约24.47 kg的杜长大三元杂生长育肥猪,随机分成4个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复10头猪;处理1即对照组(CK)饲喂基础日粮饲料,处理2、3、4在基础日粮中分别添加10%、20%和30%发酵玉米秸秆饲料,试验正式期60 d。[结果]与处理1(CK)相比,10%、20%、30%处理组育肥猪的平均日增重、平均日采食量均无显著差异(P>0.05);30%处理组料重比比处理1(CK)提高了6.84%(P<0.05);20%处理组腹泻率比处理1降低了6.87%(P<0.05),30%处理组比处理1降低了11.66%(P<0.01);20%、30%处理组死亡率分别比处理1降低了29.80%和37.63%(P<0.05);从经济效益分析来看,与处理1(CK)相比,20%、30%处理组毛利润分别提高15.1%和10.36%(P<0.05),每头猪分别多获利20.31和13.94元。[结论]在生长育肥猪日粮中添加微生物发酵玉米秸秆饲料能够满足育肥猪的生长需要,当添加量为20%~30%时能够降低生长育肥猪的腹泻以及死亡率,降低养殖成本,提高经济效益,且以添加20%的量效果最佳。
关键词 酵玉米秸秆饲料;生长育肥猪;生产性能;经济效益
中图分类号 S816.6 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2014)33-11743-03
Application of Microbial Fermentation Corn Stalk Feed in Growing-Finishing Pigs Breeding
LU Zhen-lan1, LI Zhi-bao2*, FENG Xiang-ren1, 3 et al
(1. Guangxi Help Agriculture Animal Husbandry Science and Technology Co. Ltd, Nanning, Guangxi 530001; 2. Guangxi Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Nanning, Guangxi 530001; 3. Baipeng Livestock Breeding Farm of Guangxi, Liuzhou, Guangxi 541502)
Abstract [Objective] This study was conducted to observe the effects of microbial fermentation corn stalk feed on growth performance of growing-finishing pigs. [Method] One hundred and twenty weighting 24.47 kg growing-finishing pigs (Duroc × Landrace × Large White) were randomly divided into four treatment groups with three replivates(ten pins per pen).Treatment groupⅠ(the control group) was supplemented with 0 microbial fermentation corn stalk feed in basal diets, treatment groups Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ were basal diets supplemented with 10%, 20% and 30% microbial fermentation corn stalk feed , respectively. The feeding experiment was conducted for 60 days. [Result] The results showed that compared to control group(CK), daily average weight and daily feed intake in the treatment groups was not significant difference (P>0.05); feed conversion ratio increased by 6.84% in the treatment group Ⅳ (P<0.05); diarrhea rate decreased by 6.87% and 11.66% in the treatment group Ⅲ(P<0.05) and Ⅳ(P<0.01) , respectively; death rate decreased by 29.80% and 37.63% in the treatment group Ⅲ and Ⅳ(P<0.05) , respectively; profit analysis showed that compared to control group(CK) , gross profit increased by 15.1% and 10.36% in the treatment group Ⅲ and Ⅳ(P<0.05), and maked a profit of 20.31 yuan and 13.94 yuan per pig. [Conclusion] In summary, the findings suggested that adding fermentation corn stalk feed to part of growing-finishing pigs diets can meet the growth needs of fattening pigs, and can decrease diarrhea rate and death rate, reduce breed cost and improve the economic benefit while adding by 20%-30%, and the best of adding amount was 20%.
Key words Microbial fermentation corn stalk feed; Growing-finishing pigs; Growth performance; Economic benefits
基金项目 广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(桂转科13109006,桂科能1346007-46);南宁市科学研究与技术开发计划项目(20132118);南宁市兴宁区科学研究与技术开发计划项目(2014008)。
作者简介 卢珍兰(1982- ),女,广西南宁人,工程师,硕士,从事畜禽生产管理研究工作。
*通讯作者,高级工程师,硕士,从事饲料添加剂、兽药等精细化工类产品开发研究工作。
收稿日期 2014-10-15
我国是农业大国,农作物秸秆资源极为丰富。据报道,2010年全国秸秆理论资源量为8.4亿t,其中玉米秸秆资源量最大,约为2.43亿t[1-2]。目前秸秆利用的方式是以直接焚烧、饲喂家畜、直接还田等传统方式为主,利用形式单一,利用效率低,既造成资源的浪费,又造成环境的污染。我国又是一个饲料(尤其是蛋白饲料)严重短缺的大国,每年的饲料用粮约1亿t,形成了十分严重的“人畜争粮”局面,迫切需要开辟新的蛋白饲料资源。如果能够充分利用丰富的玉米农作物秸秆生产蛋白饲料,不仅可以解决蛋白饲料的严重不足,缓解人畜争粮局面,还可以促进畜牧业的发展。玉米……
