桑磊 邓欢 赵晓松

摘要 [目的] 为了研究玉米秸秆、玉米芯、稻壳3种填充料对鹿粪好氧堆肥效果的影响。[方法]采用仓式堆肥反应器，以鹿粪为底料，测定不同填充料堆体中温度、含水率、好氧速率、C/N比等指标随时间变化的动态过程。[结果]3种物料均可作为鹿粪堆肥的填充料，达到无害化的要求。[结论]当采用大粒径，具有疏松的多孔性结构的玉米芯同鹿粪堆肥，便于通风供氧，堆体升温和降温速度较快，高温持续时间较长，含水率下降迅速，堆体物料腐熟速度快，有利于推动堆肥进程加速进行。

关键词 鹿粪;好氧堆肥;填充料

中图分类号 S141.2 文献标识码

A 文章编号 0517-6611（2014）33-11691-03

Effects of Different Bulking Agents on Aerobic Composting of Deer Manure

SANG Lei， DENG Huan， ZHAO Xiao-song

（Changchun University of Science and Technology， Changchun， Jilin 130600）

Abstract [Objective] The research aimed to study the effects on aerobic composting of deer manure with three kinds of bulking agents - corn stalk， corn cob and rice husk. [Method] The thermophilic aerobic vessel composting experiments were carried out with substrate - deer manure. The variation processes of temperature， moisture， oxygen consumption and C/N were measured. [Result] Three kinds of organic materials all were fit for bulking agents on composting of deer manure， and they could reach level of innocuity. [Conclusion] The deer manure was composted with the big grain size， porous and loose core cob ， the ventilation and oxygen supply was benefical， the temperature of the compost rose and dropped quickly， the high temperature kept longer， moisture dropped quickly， compost became quickly decomposed， so the corn cob was conducive to the process of composting.

Key words Deer manure; Aerobic composting; Bulking agents

基金项目 吉林省教育厅“十二五”规划科技项目。

作者简介 桑磊（1981- ），男，吉林德惠人，讲师，博士，从事资源再生与利用方面的研究。

收稿日期 2014-10-17

近年来，随着北方地区鹿业养殖规模的扩大，鹿粪对饲养场周边环境所造成的污染日益加剧，其处理问题已迫在眉睫。高温好氧堆肥技术是目前在畜禽粪便无害化处理方面应用最为广泛的也是最经济有效的方法。目前，关于鹿粪堆肥方面的研究还十分有限，猪、牛粪便的堆肥仍旧是研究的重点[1-4]。由于鹿粪纤维及水分含量较高，不利于堆肥时的供风通氧，使得堆肥常处于厌氧发酵状态，而且鹿粪的C/N比较低，不适于单独堆肥，需要加入填充料进行调理，使鹿粪在堆肥时能迅速升温并达到腐熟。因此，选用高效且低成本的填充料在降低鹿粪堆肥成本、提高鹿粪堆肥质量方面有着关键性的作用。……