纪开燕 郭成宝 黄健 曹兆阳 吴翠红

摘要 [目的] 探讨较佳的营养液配方，为草莓高架营养钵基质育苗养分管理提供理论参考。[方法] 以脱毒组培苗‘红颊1年生匍匐茎苗为试材，研究了9种N、P、K不同配比营养液对试材高架营养钵育苗生物学性状等的影响。[结果] 不同营养液处理均能提高草莓营养钵苗一次匍匐茎的数量、繁殖系数等，其中处理⑨即1 L营养液中含N 100 mg、P 200 mg 、K 200 mg的配方效果最显著。[结论] 营养液肥的施用对草莓营养钵苗的生长有显著促进作用，且适当提高P、K肥的比例能有效提高草莓营养钵苗的繁殖系数。

关键词 草莓;不同NPK配比;营养钵苗

中图分类号 S668.4 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2014）33-11680-02

Comparison of Nutrient Solution with Different N， P， K Ratio on Strawberry Seedling Growth Cultivated in Nutritive Cup

JI Kai-yan1，GUO Cheng-bao2，HUANG Jian1 et al

（1. Yangzhou Forestry Production and Technical Guidance Station， Yangzhou， Jiangsu 225009; 2.Nanjing Agricultural Institute of Jiangsu Hilly Region， Nanjing， Jiangsu 210046）

Abstract [Objective] The optimum nutrient solution formula was studied to provide the theoretical reference for nutrient management of matrix nursery of strawberry seedling cultivated in elevated nutritive cup. [Method] The strawberry of cultivar ‘Hong jia seedling cultivated in nutritive cup was irrigated 8 times by 9 kinds of nutrient solution with different N， P and K ratio. [Result] The number of stolon stem and the propagation coefficient were increased compared with the control， and treatment ⑨ solution which concluded N 100 mg/L， P 200 mg/L and K 200 mg/L， was superior to other formulas in terms of the growth of soilless raising strawberry seedlings. [Conclusion] The application of nutrient solution had the remarkable promotion on the growth of strawberry seedling cultivated in nutritive cup. And when the ratio of P and K was increased properly， the propagation coefficient of strawberry seedling cultivated in nutritive cup was improved.

Key words Strawberry; Different N，P and K ratio; Seedlings cultivated in nutritive cup

基金項目 江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[cx（12）3026]。

作者简介 纪开燕（1984- ），女，江苏镇江人，助理研究员，从事草莓立体栽培、梨栽培方面的研究。

收稿日期 2014-10-15

草莓（Fragaria ananasa Duch）为蔷薇科（Rosaceae）草莓属多年生常绿草本植物，其生产周期短、见效快、收益高且适于设施栽培，近年来成为发展高效农业的首选果树[1]，种植面积逐年扩大。由于设施大棚草莓定植较露地栽培早1个月以上[2]，若按常规露地育苗的方式繁殖匍匐茎苗会因繁苗期短、苗的质量差（早春的低温多雨、梅雨季节的闷热潮湿以及长期连作极易造成各种病虫害的发生）而制约设施大棚草莓的产量及果实品质。近年来，随着设施无土栽培及工厂化育苗技术的发展，人们开始尝试采用设施基质育苗[3-4]、营养钵育苗[2，5]等方式繁殖草莓苗，不仅较好地解决……