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断血流栽培技术研究

2014-10-21杨友志马磊李耀亭

安徽农业科学 2014年33期
关键词:产量生长

杨友志 马磊 李耀亭

摘要 [目的]研究断血流适宜的生境。[方法]通过正交试验方法,以断血流成熟后鲜重及皂苷A含量为指标,以土质类型(砂土、粘土、壤土)、环境分类(林下、遮荫、露天)为考察因素,每个因素3个水平,研究适宜断血流生长的生境。[结果]断血流喜荫,不耐阳,林下或遮荫条件下更适宜断血流的生长,产量较高,但露天生长的断血流皂苷含量最高,其次是林下,再次是遮荫下。断血流更适宜在壤土或粘土中生长,沙土也能生长,但产量较低。[结论]综合断血流产量及有效成分含量等情况,认为断血流栽培的适宜生境为遮荫或林下的壤土中最好。

关键词 断血流;栽培;环境;土质;地形

中图分类号 S567 文献标识码

A 文章编号 0517-6611(2014)33-11662-02

Research on the Cultivation technology of Clinopodii Polycephali

YANG You-zhi1,MA Lei1,LI Yao-ting2* (1. Xishan Biotechnology Company Ltd of Luan, Luan, Anhui 237005;2.Plant cell engineering of West Anhui University Engineering Research Center of Anhui,Luan, Anhui 237012)

Abstract [Objective] The research aimed to study the environment conditions suitable for the growth of Clinopodii Polycephali. [Method]Using the orthogonal experiment method, the fresh weight and content of effective components of Clinopodii Polycephali were taken as indexes,the inspective factors included soil types (sand, clay, loam), environmental classification (forests, shade, outdoor), three levels of each factor.The suitable environment condition of Clinopodii Polycephali was studied.[Result]The Clinopodii Polycephali loved shadow, not resistant to sun, so forests or sun-shade net conditions more suitable for the growth of Clinopodii Polycephali than outdoors, and the yield was higher, but the effective composition content of Clinopodii Polycephali growth in outdoors was the highest, followed by forests, again was shade net. Effective composition content of Clinopodii Polycephali was more suitable for growth in loam and clay than sand, and sand can also grow, but the yield was lower. [Conclusion]Comprehensive the different effects ofClinopodii Polycephali, the yield and content of effective components, etc., it was suggested that the Clinopodii Polycephali cultivated in forests loam or clay was best.

Key words Clinopodii Polycephali;Cultivation;Environment;Soil;Landform

基金项目 安徽省科技攻关计划项目(12010402083)。

作者简介 杨友志(1985- ),男,安徽六安人,硕士,从事中药材种植与生物学分析研究。*通讯作者,工程师,博士,从事中药材组培及栽培技术研究。

收稿日期 2014-10-15

断血流(Clinopodii Polycephali)是1970年从安徽民间发掘出来的止血药,为皖西大别山道地中药,被子植物唇形科植物风轮菜Clinopodium chinensis或荫风轮Clinopodium polycephalum的干燥地上部分[1]。主要分布于江苏、浙江、江西、福建、台湾、四川、云南等地[2]。茎呈方柱形,四面凹下呈槽,分枝对生,上部密被灰白色茸毛,下部较稀疏或近于无毛,表面灰绿色或绿褐色,气微香,味涩、微苦。以其茎叶干品入药,其生于山坡、路旁、林下、灌丛或草地,生长环境温暖、湿润[3]。其功能为凉血止血,止血作用有效成分为断血流皂苷A。断血流作为止血作用,用于治疗崩漏、尿血、鼻衄、牙龈出血、创伤出血、子宫肌瘤出血等[4-8]。……

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