膜下小苗不同明水移栽方式对烟株生长发育及产质量的影响
2014-10-21赵芳杨军章陈旭陶永萍石磊郑丽华江志平钱文有王勇龚成林吴鳌崔丹
赵芳 杨军章 陈旭 陶永萍 石磊 郑丽华 江志平 钱文有 王勇 龚成林 吴鳌 崔丹
摘要 [目的]为研究昭通烟区烤烟膜下小苗不同明水移栽方式对烟株生长发育及产质量的影响。[方法]以K326烤烟品种为材料,采用大田试验方法。[结果]处理B(移栽时,待塘水还未全部落完时,用棍打孔,将烟苗根部放入孔内后,用少量细土固定)移栽成活率最高,破膜、掏苗时间和整个生育期提前1 d,能提高烟株的综合农艺性状,还能降低气候性斑点病的发病率及病情指数,一定程度提高产量、产值、上等烟比例等。[结论]该研究可为昭通地区烤烟大田生产提供理论指导。
关键词 烤烟;膜下小苗;明水移栽;生长发育;产质量
中图分类号 S572 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2014)33-11657-03
Impact of Different Irrigation-before-transplanting Methods on Growth, Yield and Quality of Under-film Tobacco Seedlings
ZHAO Fang, YANG Jun-zhang*, CHEN Xu et al
(Zhaotong Company of Yunnan Tobacco Corporation, Zhaotong, Yunnan 657000)
Abstract [Objective] To study impact of different irrigation-before-transplanting methods on growth, yield and quality of under-film tobacco seedlings in Zhaotong tobacco producing regions. [Method] K326 was taken as the test materials, and field test adopted. [Result] Treatment B (during transplanting, before the pond water dries, punch sticks into mud, then put tobacco roots into the hole and then fix with a little fine soil) had the highest survival rate, film-breaking and seedling take-out timing and the whole growth season was 1 day earlier. Comprehensive agronomic characters of tobacco plants were improved, incidence and disease index of the climatic scab reduced, and yield, output value and ratio of high-quality tobacco leaves were improved. [Conclusion] The study offers theoretical instructions for the field production of tobacco plants in Zhaotong area.
Key words Flue-cured tobacco; Under-film tobacco seedlings; Irrigation-before-transplanting; Plant growth; Yield and quality
基金項目 中国烟草总公司云南省公司科技计划项目(2012YN55)。
作者简介 赵芳(1982-),女,云南昭通人,农艺师,硕士,从事烟草栽培方面的研究。*通讯作者,农艺师,硕士,从事烟草品种及栽培方面的研究。
收稿日期 2014-10-15
近年来,部分地区烤烟移栽时期常受到春季低温和干旱无雨的困扰,大田生长前期低温干旱,后期低温多雨的气候环境,会导致早花、烤烟生长缓慢、烘烤困难等问题,如果一味加大施肥力度加以控制,又会延迟烟株生育期,使得上部烟叶养分积累过多,对烟叶内在质量造成很大影响[1-2]。烤烟膜下小苗移栽,是云南烟草人应对“十年九春旱”困境,探索出的抗旱节水移栽新技术。从膜上到膜下,虽是操作上的一小步,却是云南烟草科技创新的一大步。……
