甘孜州高山峡谷区不同播期对青稞产量的影响
2014-10-21程晓彬
摘要 [目的]研究不同播期对青稞(Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum Hook. f.) 农艺性状和产量的影响。[方法]以甘孜州主要青稞品种康青3号、康青6号、康青7号、康青8号、康青9 号为供试材料,采用秋播和春播两个处理,研究最适合甘孜州高山峡谷区的青稞品种及播种时期。[结果]在干旱河谷地带,相同的管理措施下,康青8号比较适合秋播,具体时间视前后作物而定,影响不大;康青9号适合春播,播期以3月下旬至4月上旬为宜。[结论]该研究可为甘孜州高山峡谷区粮菜轮作及青稞高产优质栽培提供参考。
关键词 青稞;品种比较;播期比较;产量
中图分类号 S512.3 文献标识码
A 文章编号 0517-6611(2014)33-11655-02
Effects of Different Sowing Dates on Yield of Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum Hook. F in Alpine Valley Area in Ganzi
CHENG Xiao-bin (Department of Environment & Biology, Sichuan University for Nationalities, Kangding, Sichuan 626001)
Abstract [Objective] To study effects of different sowing dates on agronomic characters and yield of H. vulgare L. var. dum Hook. f.. [Method] Major varieties of H. vulgare L. var.nudum Hook. f. in Ganzi Prefecture (Kangqing 3, Kangqing 6, Kangqing 7, Kangqing 8, Kangqing 9) were taken as test materials, autumn and spring sowing adopted, to explore the most suitable varieties and sowing dates of alpine valley area in Ganzi Prefecture. [Result] In dry valleys, Kangqing 8 is more suitable for autumn sowing, the specific sowing dates is determined by previous and after crop; Kangqing 9 is more suitable for spring sowing, the sowing date is late March and early April. [Conclusion] The research provides references for rotation cropping between grain and crop and high-yield cultivation of H. vulgare L. var. nudum Hook. f. in alpine valley area in Ganzi prefecture.
Key words H. vulgareL. var. nudum Hook. f.; Variety comparison; Sowing date comparison; Yield
基金项目 四川民族学院自然科学基金项目(13XYZB003)。
作者简介 程晓彬(1968- ),女,四川眉山人,副教授,從事园艺植物栽培方向的教学和科研工作。
收稿日期 2014-10-16
青稞(Hordeum vulgare L.var.nudum Hook.f.) 又叫裸大麦,因具有耐寒、耐旱、耐瘠薄、生育期短、适应性强等优异种性,成为康巴高原最具特色的高原农作物[1-2]。它是藏族群众喜食的主要粮食作物,用于制作糌粑,酿造青稞酒。青稞富含β-葡聚糖、生育三烯酚等有机化合物,在降低血脂、增加胃动力、防止高原病和糖尿病等方面具有独特的保健作用[3-4]。
甘孜州高山峡谷区占全州土地面积的28.2%,耕地面积的35.3%,该区海拔较低,气候温和,光照充足,在全州粮食生产中占有重要地位[5]。近年来,随着交通条件的改善,该区蔬菜生产有了大幅度提高,解决了当地人民的吃菜问题,但因蔬菜连作带来的问题也日益凸显,如病虫害、土壤理化性质恶化等,合理轮作是解决问题的最好方法。……
