农民非农收入最优结构分析
2014-10-21罗永王红姝张滨
罗永 王红姝 张滨
摘要 非农收入结构影响着农民的非农收入,关系着农民的增收。该研究以黑龙江省为例,运用偏最小二乘(PLS)模型分析非农收入的结构变化,在结构分析的基础上运用拉格朗日极值法,构建非农收入最优结构模型,并分析最优结构与实际结构的差异,最后运用灰色GM(1,1)模型预测2013~2017年黑龙江省的非农收入结构,将非农收入结构与最优结构进行对比分析。结果表明,黑龙江省农民工资性收入对非农收入的贡献率最高,第二是财产性收入,转移性收入和家庭经营收入依次次之,农民的非农收入表现出来源形式多元化的特点。在此基础上提出加快农村富余劳动力转移、加大财政支持力度等促进农民非农收入增长的政策建议。
关键词 非农收入;最优结构;结构预测;结构调整
中图分类号 S-9 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2014)31-11132-06
The Analysis on Optimal Structure of Peasants Nonagricultural Income—The Case of Heilongjiang Province
LUO Yong, WANG Hongshu*, ZHANG Bin
(College of Economics and Management, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040)
Abstract Nonagricultural income structure affects the nonagricultural income of farmers as well as the income growth. Taking Heilongjiang Province as an example, using partial least squares (PLS) model to analyze the structure change of nonagricultural income, and on the basis of structure analysis using the Lagrange multiplier method to build the optimal nonagricultural income structure model to analyze the differences between optimal structure and practical structure. Finally, using grey GM(1,1) model to predict the nonagricultural income structure during 2013-2017, and analyze the two kind of structures. According to the analysis in Heilongjiang Province, salary income makes a highest contribution to nonagricultural income, the second is the property income, the following are transfer income and household operation income. In addition, the farmers nonagricultural income represents diverse characteristics. Based on these results, in order to promote the growth of nonagricultural income, several policy countermeasures are represented, such as quickening the rural surplus labor transfer and strengthening financial support policy, etc.
Key words Nonagricultural income; Optimal structure; Structure prediction; Structure adjustment
农民的非农收入是指农民不依靠土地生产,主要靠劳动力收入和商业经营活动获得的收入,即扣除种植业、林业、畜牧业和渔业以外的收入。该研究将非农收入分为:工资性收入(依靠出卖劳动力获得,主要是农民的打工收入)、家庭经营收入(扣除农林牧渔业的收入,主要是经营批发和零售、贸易餐饮业、建筑业、交通运输业等的收入)、转移性收入(主要是指国家农业补贴、援助资金等无偿获得的收入)、财产性收入(主要包括土地征用补偿收入、承包土地经营权收入、农民的储蓄利息红利等)。
面对我国城乡收入的差距,国家高度重视农民的增收问题,农民的收入问题已经成为“三农”问题的焦点。……
