龚鸣 徐乐中

摘要

[目的] 研究曝气生物滤池对污水厂出水的深度处理效果。[方法] 采用上流式曝气生物滤池对污水厂出水进行深度处理，研究气水比、水力负荷对处理效果的影响，分析滤池中沿程微生物活性与污染物降解规律。

[结果] 在气水比4∶1，水力负荷为0.35 m3/（m2·h）时，COD的去除效率为54%，色度的去除率为78%，NH3N去除率为91%，满足GB/T 18920-2002城市杂用水水质标准。试验条件下，60 cm滤料层以下为COD降解主要区域，60～90 cm为NH3N降解主要区域。生物量沿滤池高度范围逐渐降低，并趋于稳定，微生物活性呈现先升高后降低再升高的趋势。

[结论] 该研究可为污水处理厂污水处理工艺提标升级提供基础数据和理论支撑。

关键词 生物滤池；印染废水；深度处理

中图分类号 S183 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2014）31-11091-04

Research on the Dyeing Wastewater Treatment with Biological Aerated Filter

GONG Ming， XU Lezhong*

（Suzhou University of Science and Technology， Suzhou， Jiangsu 215011）

Abstract [Objective] The research aimed to study the advanced treatment effects of biological aerated filter on the sewage plant effluent. [Method] Sewage plant effluent was treated with upflow biological aerated filter， and the influences of gaswater ratio， hydraulic loading on the treatment effects was studied at the same time. In addition， the microbes activities from the inlet to the outlet and the degradation rules were analyzed.

[Result] The results showed that with gaswater ratio of 4∶1， hydraulic loading rate of 0.35 m3/（m2·h）， the COD removal rate was 55%， colority removal rate was 78%， NH3N removal rate was 91%. The effluent could meet the GB/T 18920-2002 urban miscellaneous water quality standards. The main COD removal area was below the 60 cm height of filter. The main NH3N removal area was between 60 cm and 90 cm area. Microbe biomass decreased from the inlet to the outlet. The microbial activity reduced after the first increase and then increased again.

[Conclusion] This study could provide basic data and theoretical supports for the improvement of sewage treatment technology in sewage plant.

Key words Biological filter； Dyeing wastewater； Advanced treatment

纺织印染行业是我国工业废水排放大户，由于使用多种生产原料和化学溶剂，导致出水中色度、COD等污染较为严重。当前污水厂处理印染废水常用的方法有物化法、生化法、化学法和几种工艺结合的处理方法^[1]，出水色度、COD和氨氮等已达到GB 4287-2012中规定的企业水污染物排放标准，但是距离城市杂用水的要求差距还很大。

印染废水深度处理的方法有很多，如吸附技术、氧化技术、膜技术^[2-3]均具有脱色效率高、处理和运行效果良好的优点，但是单独使用成本偏高。因此均未获得广泛的工业应用。而生物技术与其他技术相比具有效果明显、成本相对低廉而且回用率高等优点^[4-5]。

曝气生物滤池是目前广泛应用的一种废水深度处理生物工艺，具有在低营养物质下运行稳定^[6]、抗有毒有害物质能力强^[7]的特点。……