孙利军 吴伟平 刘晓骏 谢砚辞 季莘 鲍宁 顾海鹰

摘要 [目的] 研究豌豆、玉米以及豌豆、玉米混合幼苗对水体中重金属铅的去除效果。[方法] 以豌豆、玉米幼苗为材料，对不同浓度梯度的含铅水溶液进行吸附去除试验，用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铅浓度变化过程。[结果] 在相同试验条件下，豌豆、玉米以及混合幼苗在不同浓度的铅溶液中，均可在1 h内迅速降低溶液中铅的浓度，并在24 h的试验时间内保持相对平衡，且波动较小。在试验浓度范围内，单位生物量的豌豆、玉米以及混合幼苗去除的铅量随溶液中的铅浓度的升高而提高。在10 mg/L铅溶液中，幼苗对水体中铅的去除率达到87.1%～93.2%。

[结论] 单位重量的混合幼苗去除水体中铅的效果要优于单位重量的单种幼苗去除效果。

关键词 植物幼苗；植物修复；重金属铅

中图分类号 S181.3；X131.2 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2014）31-11069-03

Study on the Removal of Heavy Metal Lead in Water Using Two Kinds of Plant Seedlings

SUN Lijun1，2， WU Weiping1，3， LIU Xiaojun1，2，3， GU Haiying1，2* et al

（1.School of Public Health， Nantong University， Nantong， Jiangxi 226019；2. Institute of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science，Nantong University， Nantong， Jiangxi 226019；3. Green Ark Environment Production Organization，Nantong University， Nantong， Jiangxi 226019）

Abstract [Objective] The research aimed to study the removal effects of heavy metal lead in water using peas and corns seedlings.

[Method] Taken peas and corns seedlings as materials， the adsorption and removal experiments were carried out using different water samples containing a series concentration gradients of lead. The changes of lead concentrations were determined with atomic absorption spectrometry.

[Result] The results showed that， under the same experimental conditions， three kinds of seedlings （peas seedlings， corns seedlings， peas and corns seedlings） could reduce the concentration of lead rapidly in the first hour， which attained a relative balance without obvious fluctuations during the experimental period. During the range of concentration in this experiment， the removal rate of lead by unit biomass of the three kinds of seedlings increased with the increasing of concentration of lead solution. Below the concentration of 10 mg/L of lead， the efficiency of lead removal reached 87.1%-93.2%.

[Conclusion] This study proved that using unit biomass mixed seedlings was better than using unit biomass single kind of seedlings in the removal process of lead from water.

Key words Plant seedlings； Phytoremediation； Heavy metal lead

我国大约90%的城市河流受到不同程度的污染，河道沉积物中的大量污染物尤其是重金属严重超标，是限制沉积物资源化的主要因素^[1]。铅是一种常见的有毒害作用的重金属，对健康的潛在危害，已日益引起人们的关注。铅对人体的所有器官都能够造成损害，具体表现为：影响智力与骨骼的发育，造成消化不良、内分泌失调，导致贫血、高血压、心律失常以及破坏免疫功能等^[2]，此外，重金属铅进入环境，会对水体、土壤造成污染。

目前国内外关于重金属污染修复的方法很多，生物修复是其中一种。生物修复是利用生物体及其衍生物对重金属进行吸收/吸附来处理环境中重金属污染的方法^[3]。……