丁杨 张丽鑫 权跃 吕龙石罗广军

摘要 [目的] 探索稻草秸秆作为重金属废水吸附材料的可行性。[方法] 以盐酸为改性剂对稻草秸秆进行改性，以去除率、吸附量和吸附后剩余Cr（Ⅵ）的浓度作为吸附效果评价标准，运用静态吸附法优化试验条件，并在最优试验条件下考察盐酸改性和未改稻草秸秆对含Cr（Ⅵ）废水的吸附效果。[结果] 最优试验条件为：25 ℃、转速150 r/min、处理20.0 ml含Cr（Ⅵ）废水，盐酸改性稻草秸秆投加量为0.080 0 g、吸附体系pH 4.0、吸附接触时间为120.0 min、最佳浓度为20 mg/L。盐酸改性的稻草秸秆和未改性的稻草秸秆对废水中Cr（Ⅵ）的去除率分别为97.65%、64.67%，吸附量分别为4.88 mg/g、3.24 mg/g，处理后废水中剩余Cr（Ⅵ）的浓度分别为0.47 mg/L、7.06 mg/L，其中盐酸改性的稻草秸秆吸附后废水中Cr（Ⅵ）的浓度低于《污水综合排放标准》（GB 8978-1996）中规定的0.50 mg/L。

[结论] 盐酸改性稻草秸秆是吸附含Cr（Ⅵ）废水的优良生物吸附剂，具有广泛的应用前景。

关键词 稻草秸秆；改性；Cr（Ⅵ）；吸附

中图分类号 S181.3 文献标识码

A 文章编号 0517-6611（2014）31-11055-03

Study on the Adsorption of Cr（VI） with Hydrochloric Acid Modified Rice Straw in Water

DING Yang ，ZHANG Lixin，QUAN Yue* et al （Department of Agricultural Resources and Environment，Agricultural College of Yanbian University，Yanji， Jilin 133002）

Abstract [Objective] The research aimed to analyze the feasibility using rice straw as adsorption materials for the adsorption of heavy metal wastewater.

[Method] Rice straw was modified using hydrochloric acid to remove Cr（Ⅵ） from water. The experimental conditions were optimized by static adsorption experiment. And the adsorption effects of modified and unmodified rice straw were compared with removal rate， adsorption capacity and the rest concentration of Cr （Ⅵ） as adsorption effect evaluation standard.

[Result] The optimal experimental conditions were as followed： 20.0 ml wastewater containing Cr（Ⅵ）， 25 ℃， oscillation speed 150 r/min， the adsorbent dosage of 0.080 0 g， adsorption time of 120.0 min， pH 4.0， the initial Cr（Ⅵ） concerntration of 20 mg/L. The removal rate of modified and unmodified rice straw under the optimal experimental conditions were 97.65% and 64.67%，respectively. The adsorption capacity was 4.88 mg/g and 3.24 mg/g，the rest concentration of Cr （Ⅵ） was 0.47 mg/L and 7.06 mg/L， respectively. The rest Cr （Ⅵ） concentration after adsorption by hydrochloric acid modified straw stalk was lower than Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard （GB 8978-1996）， which was 0.50 mg/L.

[Conclusion] This study proved that hydrochloric acid modified rice straw was the excellent bio-adsorbent for containing Cr（Ⅵ） wastewater and had a widely prospect.

Key words Rice straw；Modified；Cr（Ⅵ）；Adsorption

近年來，随着我国工业的快速发展，重金属废水污染问题十分突出^[1]。重金属是水质污染中的主要污染物之一，重金属进入水体后，能被活的生物体所吸收，一旦它们进入食物链，如果人体重金属的摄入量超过了限值，能引起各种健康疾病^[2]。含铬废水主要来源于电镀行业^[3]，不同价态的铬毒性不同，其中Cr（VI）毒性最强，具有致癌致畸性^[4]，因此含Cr（VI）废水的处理备受科学界的关注。吸附法是一种物理化学处理方法，简单、容易操作，特别适用水量大、污染物浓度低的废水，吸附剂的价廉、高效及再生成为该法大规模工业应用的关键，近年来，将农林废弃物用于废水处理的研究和成果越来越多，已引起人们的高度重视^[5]。……