腐植酸与无机肥配施对杨树生理生化特性的影响
2014-10-21张敬敏
张敬敏
摘要 [目的]探究腐植酸对杨树高产的影响。[方法]利用盆栽试验,研究常规施量化肥和高施量化肥水平下配施腐植酸对杨树生理生化指标、生物量的影响。[结果]与同施肥量的单施无机肥处理相比,配施腐植酸可增强杨树根系活力和提高叶绿素含量,提高叶片光合作用和水分利用率,增加根部和叶部生长素、赤霉素和玉米素含量,并明显增加了杨树的根、茎、葉生物量。[结论]施用褐煤腐植酸可明显促进杨树生长,以高施肥量配施腐植酸效果最佳。
关键词 腐植酸;杨树;生理生化特性;生物量
中图分类号 S718.3;S184 文献标识码
A 文章编号 0517-6611(2014)31-10959-02
Effects of Application of Humic Acid with Inorganic Fertilizers on Physiology and Biochemistry Porperties on Poplar
ZHANG Jingmin (Weifang University of Science and Technology,Weifang,Shandong 262700)
Abstract [Objective]The aim was to study the effect of humic acid on poplar yield.[Method]Populus physiology and biochemistry porperties and growth were studied as affected by application of humic acid under regular and higherfertilized level by pot.[Result]Under the same inorganic fertilizer,the application of humic acid with inorganic fertilizers could significantly raise root activity and chlorophyll content,enhance the photosynthesis and water utilising efficiency,increase the contents of IAA,GA and ZT,and significantly increase the biomasses of root,stem and leaf.[Conclusion]The application of humid acid with inorganic fertilizers can have a significant impact on the poplar growth,and the application of humic acid with higherinorganic fertilizers gets the best result of all.
Key words Humic acid;Poplar; Physiology and biochemistry properties; Biomass
腐植酸是动植物遗骸经过微生物的分解和转化以及地球化学的一系列过程而形成和积累起来的一类有机物质,主要存在于泥炭、褐煤和风化煤中[1-2]。腐植酸具有的多种活性基团(羧基、醇羟基、甲氧基等)赋予腐植酸亲水性、阳离子交换性、络合能力及较高的吸附能力等[3-4]。腐植酸在农业生产中被人们广泛关注。腐植酸能促进作物生长,提高产量,改善品质[2-7]。杨树生产中,土壤施肥管理尤其是氮肥和有机物料的施用有着极其重要的作用。例如湖北省崇阳县桂花林场对13~19年生杉木中龄林进行5年施肥,投资与纯利润比例为1∶2.48~4.27,江苏对1~72/58杨施氮、磷、钾比例为10∶8∶6的混合肥,7年投资与利润比例为1∶5.50,林地施肥效果显著[8]。目前,腐植酸在杨树上的应用研究鲜有报道。腐植酸来源广、价格低,用作肥料可大大降低化肥投入比例,改善土壤肥力[9]。……
