陈岗 胡小东 邹阳

摘要 [目的]研究红花大金元在楚雄烟区不同成熟度采烤的特性，探索出适合该州生态条件的红花大金元烟叶最佳烟叶采收成熟度。[方法]在楚雄煙区开展红花大金元不同采收成熟度对比试验。[结果]随着成熟度提高烟株田间病害逐渐加重，烤烟产量和腰叶单叶重逐渐降低。从产值、上等烟比例、均价、原烟外观质量、烤后烟叶化学成分比较结果看，最佳采收成熟度处理是适熟叶处理（采收时，叶色淡黄，主脉色泽全白发亮，支脉色泽1/2～2/3变白，较多脱落，稍有枯尖、枯边）。[结论]该研究可为楚雄烟区红花大金元品种的进一步发掘利用提供参考依据。

关键词 烤烟；红花大金元；成熟度；楚雄烟区

中图分类号 S572 文献标识码

A 文章编号 0517-6611（2014）31-10898-03

Comparative Study on Harvest Maturity Degree Leaves of Fluecured Tobacco Variety Honghuadajinyuan in Chuxiong Area

CHEN Gang， HU Xiaodong*， ZOU yang （Chuxiong Company of Yunnan Provincial Tobacco Corporation， Chuxiong， Yunnan 675000）

Abstract [Objective] The aim was to study the characteristics of different harvest maturity degree leaves of fluecured tobacco variety Honghuadajinyuan in Chuxiong Area， and explore its best harvest time in local ecological conditions. [Method] The comparative test of different harvest maturity degree leaves of Honghuadajinyuan were conducted in Chuxiong Area. [Result] With the improvement of maturity degree， disease increased gradually in tobacco field， fluecured tobacco leaf yield and single waist leaf weight decreased gradually. From the output value， the proportion of superior leaves， average price， raw tobacco appearance quality， chemical components of fluecured tobacco respectively， the best treatment of harvest maturity degree was the ripe leaf treatment（the tobacco leaf was harvested when they were yellowish， its main vein was white and bright， the branch vein of 1/22/3 came white， many leaves fell off， thetip and edge of leaves withered slightly）. [Conclusion] The aim was to provide a reference basis for deep development and utilization of Honghuadajinyuan variety in Chuxiong Tobacco Area in future.

Key words Fluecured tobacco； Honghuadajinyuan； Maturity degree； Chuxiong Tobacco Area

烤烟品种红花大金元是1962年云南省石林县路美邑村的烟农从大金元品种的自然变异株中选出，后经云南省烟草科学研究所系统选育而成^[1]。该品种品质优越，抗逆性强，需肥量少，适应性广，具有典型清香型风格，适合卷烟配方的需求，近年来逐步受到卷烟企业的青睐，但是该品种产量较低，易感黑茎病和赤星病，尤其在烘烤方面存在较大难度^[2-4]。在其他烟区对红花大金元品种不同成熟度采烤特性做了部分研究^[5-8]，但楚雄烟区尚未见此类报道。为研究红花大金元在楚雄烟区不同成熟度采烤的特性，探索出适合楚雄州生态条件的红花大金元烟叶最佳烟叶采收成熟度，以期为楚雄烟区红花大金元品种的进一步发掘利用提供参考依据。……