王茜 龙骊丰 韦鹏霄 岑秀芬 万正林 龙明华

摘要 [目的] 研究影响野韭菜花器官脱分化的诱导因子。[方法]将野韭菜花器官进行离体培养，探讨培养基种类、外源激素种类和浓度及配比、花器官不同发育时期及不同部位对愈伤组织诱导的影响。[结果]MS基本培养基最适合花蕾愈伤组织的诱导；NAA比其他生长素更有利于提高花蕾的岀愈率；花苞未开状态的花蕾愈伤组织诱导率最高；愈伤组织发生具有明显的部位效应，最好是花盘，其次是花蕾，较差是花柄，而花茎无愈伤组织发生。[结论] 为建立野韭菜组织培养快繁体系奠定基础。

关键词 野韭菜；愈伤组织诱导；花器官

中图分类号 S633.3 文献标识码

A 文章编号 0517-6611（2014）31-10861-03

Research on Factors of the Dedifferentiation of Floral Organ in Allium hookeri Thwaites

WANG Xi1，LONG Lifeng2， WEI Pengxiao1， LONG Minghua1* et al （1.College of Agriculture， Guangxi University， Nanning， Guangxi 530004；2.College of Science and Technology， Guangxi University Xingjian College of Science and Liberal Arts， Nanning， Guangxi 530005）

Abstract [Objective] The aim was to study factors of the differentiation of floral organ in Allium hookeri Thwaites.[Method]Using flower organ of Allium hookeri Thwaites as explants， the influence of different factors， including medium variety， the concentration and ingredient of exogenous hormones and the different growth stages of flower organ were investigated. [Result]The results revealed that MS basic medium was optimum for callus induction. Among those auxins， NAA was the best to improve the induction rate of flower buds， and the callus induction showed the highest rate in the unopened flower buds. The study also demonstrated that the callus induction was obvious distinguishing in different flower positions. The callus of flower disc was better than bud， while pedicel showed the lower rate in callus induction and the floral axis had no dedifferentiation.[Conclusion]The study laid technology foundation for establishing tissue culture rapid propagation system of Allium hookeri Thwaites.

Key words Allium hookeri Thwaites； Callus induction； Flower organ

野韭菜（Allium hookeri Thwaites）為百合科葱属多年生草本植物，原称为宽叶韭，又称为大叶韭、观音菜、岩葱等，我国各地均有分布^[1]。野韭菜和普通韭菜很相似，多以其嫩叶和成长叶食用。其叶片较宽，纤维含量稍多，具有葱香味，富含碳水化合物、维生素C及硫、铁、磷等矿物质元素，尤其含丰富的胡萝卜素和纤维素，还含有辛香的挥发性物质——硫化丙烯，有增进食欲和杀菌的作用^[2]。此外，野韭菜还有温中行气、散血解毒、健胃整肠等功效^[1]。由于野韭菜的保健功能和人们崇尚回归自然的消费理念，目前市场上对包括野韭菜在内的野生蔬菜的需求与日俱增，供不应求。但野韭菜只开花而不能结籽，其繁殖方式以分株繁殖为主，繁殖周期长，繁殖率低，极大影响了野韭菜的大面积推广种植，因此研究野韭菜的组培快繁技术显得尤为重要。……