云南南部山区农业生产效率分析
2014-10-14冯璐吴春梅李新建李露
冯璐+吴春梅+李新建+李露
摘 要 运用DEA(数据包络分析)方法分析1993~2008年云南南部山区农业生产效率。由综合效率评价可知,该地区DEA有效年份居多,且非有效年份处于边缘非效率阶段易于调整,规模经济整体发挥较好。同时,由交叉效率排序可以看出,该地区农业生产呈增长的良性发展态势。其次,通过对DEA非有效年份的分解效率分析认为,农业生产资源配置影响了整体效率的发挥。根据松弛变量调整提出,结合市场调整农业生产结构、节约利用水利资源、更新改造老化机电设备、完善排灌系统、合理施用化肥、积极稳妥转移农村剩余劳动力等相关建议,并适度扩大生产规模,以促进云南南部山区农业生产发展。
关键词 农业生产效率 ;技术效率 ;规模效率 ;数据包络分析
分类号 F327
Agricultural Production Efficiency in Southern Upland Yunnan
FENG Lu1,2) WU Chunmei3) LI Xinjian1) LI Lu4)
(1 College of Economics and Land Management, Huazhong Agricultural University,
Wuhan, Hubei, 430070;
2 Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650205;
3 College of Marxism, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070
4 Institute of Food Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650205)
Abstract This paper uses DEA method to analyze the mountains of southern Yunnan agricultural productivity in 1993-2008. The overall efficiency evaluation shows that the majority year is in effective DEA, the non-effective DEA year is marginalized non-efficient stage and adjustable, the scale economy achieve better overall. At the same time, cross-efficiency sorted shows that the agricultural production in the region was in healthy development trend. Secondly, the analysis of decomposition efficiency in non-effective DEA year shows the allocation of resources for agricultural production influenced the overall efficiency. The research suggested to adjust agricultural production structure in market, economical use water resources, update aging mechanical and electrical equipment, improve irrigation and drainage system, reasonable apply fertilizer, transfer rural surplus labor steadily, and a moderate expansion of production scale, so as to promote the development of agricultural production in mountains of southern Yunnan by slack variable adjustment.
Keywords agricultural production efficiency ; technical efficiency ; scale efficiency ; DEA
云南南部主要包括文山、红河、普洱、西双版纳、临沧5个地州市,山区面积15.3万km2,占云南省总面积的40%,并分别与老挝、越南和缅甸接壤,边境线占云南省边境线总长的78%。同时,农业生产是云南南部农村居民家庭经营性收入的主要来源,常年比重都保持在55%左右。因此,云南南部山区的农业发展不仅关系到农村居民的经济生活,更关系到民族团结和边疆稳定[1-3]。目前,云南南部农民人均纯收入不仅远低于全国水平,与全省的农民收入差距也在不断扩大。1993~2008年,云南省内差距就达到8.4个百分点,云南南部山区农民增收问题紧迫[4-6]。而要提高农民收入,就要增强农业竞争力,农业竞争力归根结底表现为效率的竞争,因此,促进农民增收的首要任务是提高农业生产效率[7-8]。……
