APP下载

套种雷公藤人工林凋落物持水性能的研究

2014-10-14魏建康刘超李单琦周少卿王汉琪何天友荣俊冬郑郁善

热带农业科学 2014年9期

魏建康+刘超+李单琦+周少卿+王汉琪+何天友+荣俊冬+郑郁善

摘 要 运用野外实地测量和室内浸提法对4种套种雷公藤人工林凋落物持水量、持水率和吸水速率进行了研究。结果表明:4种林分的凋落物最大持水量大小为杉木林(11.66 t/hm2)>马尾松林(6.81 t/hm2)>厚朴林(5.90 t/hm2)>纯林 (4.28 t/hm2);在不同浸泡时间段,林分的凋落物持水率大小为厚朴林>纯林>马尾松林>杉木林;凋落物最大持水率为厚朴林(205.12%)>纯林(163.33%)>马尾松林(139.33%)>杉木林(120.96%);4种不同种植模式雷公藤林分的凋落物吸水速率大小为厚朴林>纯林>马尾松>杉木,浸泡0.5 h后的吸水速率分别为2 630.05、2 407.32、2 035.09和1 592.14 g/kg/h。凋落物持水量与浸泡时间、凋落物持水率与浸泡时间呈现极显著的(P<0.01)对数递增函数关系,凋落物吸水速率与浸泡时间呈现出极显著的(P<0.01)递减幂数函数关系。

关键词 雷公藤 ;套种 ;人工林 ;凋落物 ;持水量 ;持水率 ;吸水速率

分类号 S715.3

Water Holding Capacity of Litter in Artificial Forests Intercropped with

Tripterygum wilfordii

WEI Jiankang1) LIU Chao2) LI Danqi1) ZHOU Shaoqing2)

WANG Hanqi2) HE Tianyou1) RONG Jundong2) ZHENG Yushan1,2)

(1 College of Art and Landscape Architecture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,

Fuzhou, Fujian 350002,China;

2 College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China)

Abstract By the methods of using soaking extract method and field investigation, we studied the water-holding capacity, water-holding rate,and water-absorption rate of litter in four kinds of Tripterygum wilfordii of plantation. The results were as follows: The maximum water holding capacity in 4 types of forests are Chinese fir (11.66 t/hm2) > masson pine (6.81 t/hm2) > magnolia (5.90 t/hm2)> pure forest (4.28 t/hm2). Under different soaking time, litter water holding rate showed magnolia > pure forest >masson pine> fir forest. Maximum water holding rate of the litter is of magnolia 205.12% > pure forest 163.33% > masson pine139.33% > Chinese fir 120.96%. Stand water absorption rate of 4 different planting patterns is magnolia> pure forest > masson pine > Chinese fir, and water absorption rate after 0.5 hours were 2630.05, 2407.32, 2035.09 and 1592.14 g/kg/h. The relationship between water holding capacity of litter with the soaking time, water retention rate with the soaking time increased according to logarithmic equation(P<0.01), the relationship between water absorption rate and soaking time decreased according to exponential equation(P<0.01).

Keywords Tripterygum wilfordii ; intercropping ; artificial forest ; litter ; water-holding capacity ; water-holding rate ; water-absorption rate

森林凋落物也可称为枯落物或有机碎屑,是指在森林生态系统内,由地上植物组分产生并归还到地表面,作为分解者的物质和能量来源,借以维持生态系统功能的所有有机质的总称[1]。凋落物在森林结构中拥有非常重要的价值,既可以减轻降雨对地表的冲刷,减缓地表径流,截留降水,又可增加雨水的下渗,是森林实现水源涵养和保持水土的主要作用层[2]。随着水资源不断恶化和人们对水的需求量增加,森林涵养水源功能越来越受到重视。森林凋落物层持水能力是整个森林生态系统水分循环中的重要一环,是反映凋落物层水文作用的重要指标[3]。对人工林凋落物持水能力进行研究,有助于了解森林凋落物层的水文效应,为发展和可持续利用树种提供科学依据。endprint

登录APP查看全文