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合成气非预混燃烧的数值模拟

2014-09-18郭培卿葛冰

计算机辅助工程 2014年4期

郭培卿+葛冰

摘要: 针对合成气非预混火焰结构开展数值模拟和试验验证,分析天然气改烧合成气后燃烧特性的变化规律.结果表明,大涡模拟(Large Eddy Simulation,LES)在速度分布和温度分布的预测中与试验结果比较吻合,而在对燃烧过程产物(如OH自由基)预测中则与试验结果有所差异.采用数值模拟与试验测量相结合的方法,探讨和分析合成气燃烧特性的变化规律:与天然气火焰相比,合成气燃烧时高温区域更大,火焰稳定性较好;随着当量比提高,燃烧室热负荷不断增大,同时最高回流速度增大,火焰根部受到压缩,逐渐呈现出推举火焰特征.

关键词: 合成气; 燃烧; 火焰结构; 大涡模拟; 平面激光诱导荧光

中图分类号: TK16; TP391.9文献标志码: B

Abstract: The numerical simulation and test validation are used to study syngas nonpremixed flame structure, and the change rule of combustion characteristics of syngas which is instead of natural gas is analyzed. The results indicate that, the velocity and temperature distribution predicted by Large Eddy Simulation(LES) are in good consistency with the test results, but the prediction of substances generated during combustion process such as OH radical prediction is different from the test results. The method of numerical simulation combined with test measurement is used to discuss and analyze the change rule of syngas combustion. It shows that, comparing with natural gas flame, the high temperature zone is enlarged and the flame stability is better; with the increase of equivalence ratio, the heat load of combustion chamber increases, the top back flow velocity increases, and the flame shows pushup characteristic.

Key words: syngas; combustion; flame structure; large eddy simulation; planar laser induced fluorescence

0引言

整体煤气化联合循环(Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle, IGCC)是目前世界上公认的煤炭清洁化利用的重要发展方向.在IGCC系统中,燃气轮机使用煤气化产生的合成气,其可燃成分为H2,CO和其他少量高阶碳氢化合物,热值普遍较低.为保持输出功率一致,与天然气相比,合成气燃料流量将大幅提高,因此如何降低NOx排放是合成气燃气轮机燃烧室设计面临的主要难点之一.作为低污染燃烧技术之一的合成气燃烧正逐步成为相关燃烧领域的研究热点.[14]随着计算机计算能力的不断提高,CFD在燃烧现象研究领域中得到越来越多的应用,其中非预混燃烧物理过程受湍流掺混、分子扩散和化学反应的综合影响,受试验数据库容量、化学反应动力学和燃烧模型等多……

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