基层部队退休中级干部常见心理问题及干预对策
2014-09-12蔡丽丹
蔡丽丹
[摘要] 基层部队每年都有部分中级干部退休,其平均年龄为50余岁,躯体状况普遍较好、精力充足,但其存在较多的心理问题,主要表现是角色适应不良、焦虑症、人际敏感、孤独失落、敌对偏执。通过分析上述心理问题产生的原因,本研究针对性地提出促进心理健康的干预对策,维护了基层部队退休中级干部的身心健康,提高了生活质量,为更好地开展基层部队退休中级干部心理健康服务提供了参考依据。
[关键词] 基层部队;退休中级干部;心理问题;干预对策
[中图分类号] R395.6[文献标识码] B[文章编号] 1674-4721(2014)06(c)-0161-01
The common psychological problems and intervention countermeasures of retired intermediate cadres at the grassroots units
CAI Li-dan
Health Center of the PLA 66294 Army,Beijing 100042,China
[Abstract] Some intermediate cadres are retired every year in grassroots units.Their average age is more than 50 years old,Their body is generally better and more energetic,but there are many psychological problems among them,main characteristics are role maladjustment,anxiety,sesitive interpersonal relationship,loneliness and frustrated,hostility and paranoia.The paper analyzed the causes of these psychological problems to pertinently put forward to intervention countermeasures for promoting mental health to maintain the physical and mental health of the grassroots units retired intermediate cadres,improve the quality of life.It provides reference basis for better developing mental health service for the retired intermediate cadres at grassroots unit.
[Key words] Grassroots units;Retired intermediate cadres;Psychological problems;Intervention countermeasures
随着军队干部队伍建设的需要,基层部队每年都有部分中级干部退休。与军队干休所中离退休高级干部不同,其平均年龄50余岁,因多种原因,退休后未能及时移交到地方;其躯体状况普遍较好、精力充足,却常因身体不适前来就诊。近年来,通过从心理学角度进行观察与分析,结合退休中级干部的具体特点,深入了解其心理健康状况及常见心理问题产生的原因,提出了促进退休中级干部心理健康水平的对策。
1 基层部队退休中级干部常见心理问题
1.1 角色适应不良
基层部队干部退休后,生活工作环境发生了很大的转折,失去了紧张、规律、有节凑的生活,一时难以适应这种“清闲”;由组织纪律严明的军队集体到自由散漫的老百姓的转变,失去归属感;在社会、家庭中所肩负的责任也发生变化,由“主角”逐渐转变为“配角”[1];经常由于没有在位时那种很强的尊重感和敬畏感而自尊受到伤害,导致退休干部角色的适应不良[2];……
