董彦梓等

摘要：2013年5月10日至8月30日在青岛农业大学园艺学院实验站的黄金梨园进行了二斑叶螨的系统调查，并对有效杀螨剂进行了筛选。结果表明：二斑叶螨的数量在6月10日以前较少，但随着温度的提升，6月中下旬后其数量迅速增高，6月30日内膛达到了14.23头/叶；进入7月中旬后，雨量增多，二斑叶螨的数量受到抑制；7月15日，内膛、外围数量均下降至2.45头/叶。此后，尽管8月比较干旱，但二斑叶螨未再猖獗，推测可能是受高温的影响。药效防治试验发现：药后10 d，24%螨危效果与20%三唑锡相当，校正防效分别达87.78%和86.64%；其次是1.8%阿维菌素，达79.66%；20%甲氰菊酯和15%哒螨灵效果较差，分别为63.43%和49.73%。

关键词：二斑叶螨；黄金梨；杀螨剂

中图分类号：S482.5+2 文献标识号：A 文章编号：1001-4942（2014）03-0097-03

AbstractThe occurrence dynamics of Tetranychus urticae were investigated in golden pear orchards in the experiment station of Horticulture College of Qingdao Agricultural University from May 10 to August 30 in 2013. The effective acaricides were also screened. The results showed the number of T. urticae was fewer before June 10， but then rapidly increased in the middle and last ten-day period with the increase of temperature.It reached 14.23 per inner leaf on June 30 and was controlled because of the increased rainfall after entering the middle ten-day of July. The number of T. urticae had all reduced to 2.45 per leaf on July 15.The T. urticae was not break out in August although the weather was dry mainly because of the high temperature. The control effects of 24% spirodicliofen and 20% azacyclotin were similar after applying for 10 days， and their corrective control effects were 87.78% and 86.64% respectively. The corrective control effects of 1.8% avermectin， 20% fenpropathrin and 15% pyridaben were 79.66%， 63.43% and 49.73% respectively.

Key words Tetranychus urticae Koch；Golden pear；Acaricide

近几年，二斑叶螨的发生频率不断增大。2011年胶东地区部分黄金梨遭受此螨危害，但因范围不广，并未引起人们注意。2012年春夏之交，胶东从5月到7月近两月无有效降雨，导致大量黄金梨遭到二斑叶螨危害，部分果园叶子几乎全落，损失惨重。为摸清二斑叶螨在黄金梨上的发生规律及特点，并找到有效的杀螨剂，笔者在青岛农业大学园艺学院实验站对其进行了系统调查，并进行了药剂防治试验，以期为果农防治该螨提供理论和实践依据。

1材料与方法

1.1试验地点

试验在青岛农业大学园艺学院实验站（莱阳校区）进行。黄金梨种植面积0.2 hm2，采用4 m×5 m的种植方式。该区管理较粗放，很少用药。

1.2发生动态调查

采用五点取样法，共取5棵树，定树调查。每棵树内膛、外围分别随机调查20片叶，自2013年5月10日起每5天调查1次，至8月30日止，统计每片叶上二斑叶螨的数量。……