不同大孔吸附树脂处理天然橡胶加工废水的研究
2014-08-12汪航等
汪航等
摘 要 研究5种大孔吸附树脂(ADS-7、ADS-17、超高交联树脂、聚酰胺树脂和酚醛型交换树脂)对天然橡胶鲜胶乳凝固废水和浓缩胶乳离心废水的处理效果。橡胶废水经过预处理后使用树脂柱吸附,检测经不同树脂吸附后废水COD、总氮及总磷的变化。结果表明:经树脂吸附后,天然橡胶加工废水各项指标都有所降低,其中用ADS-17树脂的处理效果最好,可将鲜胶乳凝固废水的COD、总氮、总磷分别从30.0 g/L、7.3和3.3 mg/L降低到15.0 g/L、6.0和1.1 mg/L;将浓缩胶乳离心废水的COD、总氮、总磷分别从22.5 g/L、14.8和4.2 mg/L降低到11.2 g/L、8.4 和0.6 mg/L。橡胶废水经预处理后使用ADS-17树脂吸附,可在回收高价值产物的同时,更明显的降低橡胶废水的各项指标。
关键词 树脂 ;天然橡胶 ;加工废水 ;静态吸附
分类号 X783.3
Abstract Study the effect of 5 kinds of macroporous resins (ADS-7, ADS-17, Hypercrosslinked Resins, Polyamide resins and Phenol-formaldehyde resins) to deal with fresh latex coagulation effluent and the revertex centrifugal wastewater. After pretreatment, use resin column to adsorb rubber wastewater. Comparing under the use of different resins, the changes of wastewater COD, total nitrogen and total phosphorus. The results show that after the adsorption of resins, indicators of natural rubber wastewater has been reduced. ADS-17 is the best among these resins. Use ADS-17 can reduce COD, total nitrogen, total phosphorus of fresh latex coagulation effluent, from 30.0 to 15.0 g/L, 7.3 to 6.0 mg/L, 3.3 to 1.1 mg/L respectively; And can also reduce COD, total nitrogen, total phosphorus of the revertex centrifugal wastewater, from 22.5 to 11.2 g/L, 14.8 to 8.4 mg/L, 4.2 to 0.6 mg/L respectively. Using ADS-17 to adsorb rubber wastewater which has been pretreated, can recycle high-value products and also significantly reduce the indexes of rubber wastewater.
Keywords resin ; natural rubber ; wastewater from processing ; static adsorption
按天然橡胶加工工艺的不同,天然橡胶加工废水可分为生胶加工废水和浓缩胶乳加工废水两大类[1]。
以每生产1 t橡胶排放18 t废水计算,我国每年排放天然橡胶加工废水上千万吨。这些废水中含有大量的有机物、氨氮,若不加以处理直接排放,会对生态环境构成严重威胁[2]。
由于橡胶废水的可生化性能强,目前,国内外处理橡胶废水主要以上流式厌氧污泥床反应器(UASB)[3-4]等活性污泥法和氧化塘[5]、人工湿地[6-7]等生物处理法为主。这些方法旨在降解废水中的有机物,使出水化学需氧量(COD)、总氮等指标达到国家农业行业标准,但对废水中具有高价值的白坚木皮醇[8]等物质并没有进行回收利用。对天然橡胶加工废水不加以利用不仅是资源的极大浪费,也因不产生经济效益给企业造成负担,不利于天然橡胶工业长久发展。……
