APP下载

回流环保式消解—GFAAS法高效测定树仔菜样品铅、铬、镉

2014-08-11赵敏等

热带农业科学 2014年2期

赵敏等

摘 要 用环保型高效样品消化器消解树仔菜样品,石墨炉原子吸收光谱仪(GFAAS)测定样品中的铅、铬、镉元素含量。结果表明:该方法消解测定的试验空白值比常规消解方法低,精密度较高;消解时间为0.5~1.0 h,大大提高了分析效率;试验过程可回收35%~75%的硝酸,减少硝酸挥发物质对大气环境的污染;应用该方法对国家标准物质(圆白菜和芹菜)的分析结果均落在标准值范围内,相对标准偏差<10.0%,分析结果准确可靠。

关键词 回流环保式消解 ;石墨炉原子吸收 ;铅 ;铬 ;镉 ;树仔菜

分类号 TS254.7

Efficient Determination of Lead, Chromium and Cadmium in Sauropus androgynus Sample with Backflow Environment Friendly Digestion-GFAAS Method

ZHAO Min ZHOU Cong DENG Aini FAN Qiong CAI Fufeng GAO Lihua

(Analysis and Testing Center / Tropical Agricultural Products Quality Supervision, Inspection,

Analysis and Testing Center of Ministry of Agriculture, CATAS, Haikou, Hainan 571101)

Abstract Use environment friendly efficient sample digester to digest Sauropus androgynus sample, then use graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer (GFAAS) to measure lead, chromium and cadmium concentrations in the test solution, to obtain content of the three elements in the sample. Baseline value, digestion temperature, digestion time, acid recovery rate, and method reliability experiments are respectively conducted during research process. The results show that the baseline value measured using this digestion method is lower than that measured using conventional digestion method, and test precision is higher; Digestion time is shortened to 0.5-1.0 hours from more than 12 hours of conventional method (with cover), greatly improving the analysis efficiency; 35%-75% nitric acid can be recycled during experiment process, which decreases the pollution of nitric acid volatile substance on atmospheric environment; All analysis results of national standard substances measured (cabbage and celery) are within the scope of standard values, with relative standard deviation less than 10.0%, and the analysis results are accurate and reliable.

Keywords backflow environment friendly digestion ; graphite furnace atomic absorption ; lead ; chromium ; cadmium ; Sauropus androgynous

铅、铬、镉为重金属元素,是农产品质量安全的重要控制指标[1-2]。近年来,不断发生的农产品重金属超标事件,引起社会的广泛关注。因此,开展农产品重金属检测的方法研究具有重要意义。农产品中铅、铬、镉的检测方法有很多,如石墨炉原子吸收法、等离子发射光谱法、等离子发射光谱-质谱法和原子荧光法等[3-10],其中石墨炉原子吸收法由于检出限低,操作快速简便而被广泛应用,是国家标准的首选方法。样品消解是元素分析的关键环节。在现有常规消解方法和微波消解法中,由于待测重金属元素的含量极低,实验过程消解液容易被污染或损失而影响分析结果的准确性,为了避免污染和损失,操作中实验员通常采取将消化器皿加盖低温消解和除酸的方法,从而造成样品消解时间过长,除酸缓慢(>12 h),工作效率低,耗电量大等问题。

树仔菜是海南岛的特色蔬菜,富含蛋白质、多糖、纤维素、微量元素等营养素,曾作为海南中部山区的支柱产业得到大力发展,后因镉含量之争而受挫。因……

登录APP查看全文