沼液对酒用有机高粱产量和地力的影响
2014-07-07胡朝凤李静
胡朝凤++李静
摘要 沼液对酒用有机高粱产量和地力的影响试验结果表明:施用沼液原液、清粪水可使高粱穗粒数和千粒重增加,沼液原液比对照增产672.39 kg/hm2,增产17.55%,施用清粪水比对照增产596.27 kg/hm2,增产15.56%;同时增加了土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的含量,因此沼液能增强土壤肥力,改善土壤结构,但对pH值无影响。
关键词 沼液;酒用有机高粱;产量;地力
中图分类号 S514 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739(2014)05-0033-02
Effect of Biogas Slurry on the Yield and Soil Fertility of Organic Sorghum for Wine
HU Chao-feng 1 LI Jing 2
(1 Zunyi Agricultural Technology Promotion Station in Guizhou Province,Zunyi Guizhou 563001; 2 Huichuan Agriculture and Livestock
Bureau in Zunyi City)
Abstract Test results of effect of biogas slurry on the yield and soil fertility of organic sorghum for wine showed that both the use of the original liquid of biogas slurry and liquid manure could increase the kernels per spike and 1000-grain weight of sorghum,compared with the control group,the increased yield by original liquid of biogas slurry was 672.39 kg/hm2,17.55% higher than the control group,while the increased yield by liquid manure was 596.27 kg/hm2,15.56% higher than the control group.The soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium were also increased,contributing to the enhancement of soil fertility and improvement of soil structure,which had no effect on pH value.
Key words biogas slurry;organic sorghum for wine;yield;effect of soil fertility
沼渣、沼液是由人、畜粪便以农作物秸秆等各种有机物在沼气池中经过厌氧发酵后的残余物,是一种优质的有机肥,沼液中的腐殖酸、纤维等有机成分,为疏松土壤及增加土壤有机质含量提供了必不可少的物质基础。长期使用沼液能够提高土壤肥力,改进土壤理化性状[1-3]。高粱虽耐瘠薄,但在有机生产中,由于不使用人工合成的化学肥料,易造成对土地的过度利用[4-6]。因此,如何提升耕地地力,探索沼液在有机高粱上的施用对高粱产量和地力的影响效果,实现有机高粱生产更加优质化,为汇川区红粮生产提供更为准确、完善的理论依据,也对促进遵义市酿酒加工业的发展具有重要意义。
1 材料与方法
1.1 试验概况
试验地选择在汇川区团泽镇大坎村某农户责任地里,海拔900 m,土壤肥力中等,前作蔬菜。试验高粱品种为红缨子(由仁怀市丰源有机高粱育种中心提供)。
1.2 试验设计
试验设3个处理,分别为:施用沼液原液(A)、施用清粪水(B),以不施作为对照(CK)。不设重复,大区对比,小区面积67 m2,小区之间用塑料薄膜起埂隔离。……