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巩膜咬切术联合小梁切开术治疗原发性青光眼的远期效果观察

2014-06-12李海燕

中国当代医药 2014年11期

[摘要] 目的 探讨巩膜咬切术联合小梁切开术治疗原发性青光眼的远期疗效和并发症。 方法 随机选取2003年12月~2006年12月在本院住院的原发性青光眼患者25例(29只眼),施行巩膜咬切术联合小梁切开术,观察比较术前、术后眼压及视力的变化。 结果 术后追踪观察36~84个月,平均眼压为(14.32±3.43) mm Hg,低于术前的(38.33±5.36) mm Hg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。手术后视力较术前明显提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。本组病例术后5只眼发生角膜内皮线状混浊,前房少量出血,3只眼前房形成迟缓,2只眼术后28个月发生白内障,未发现低眼压、脉络膜剥离、黄斑囊样水肿、眼内炎等并发症。 结论 巩膜咬切术联合小梁切开术治疗原发性青光眼,不切除小梁,组织损伤少,术后并发症少,能维持正常眼压,提高视力。

[关键词] 巩膜咬切术;小梁切开术;原发性青光眼

[中图分类号] R775.2 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2014)04(b)-0054-02

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the long-term effect and complications of sclerectomy combined with trabeculectomy in the treatment of primary glaucoma.Methods 25 cases (29 eyes) with primary glaucoma were selected in our hospital from December 2003 to December 2006,and were underwent sclerectomy combined with trabeculectomy.Results 36 to 84 months follow-up was taken,the intraocular pressure was (14.32±3.43) mm Hg,was lower than (38.33±5.36) mm Hg before treatment,the difference was significant (P<0.05).After operation,visual acuity was significantly improved compared with before operation,the difference was significant (P<0.05).After operation,5 eyes of corneal endothelial linear opacities was occurred,hyphema were 3 eyes,anterior chamber formation was slow,2 eyes of cataract were occurred after 28 months treatment.There was no hypotony,choroidal detachment,macular cystoid edema.Conclusion Sclerectomy combined with trabeculectomy in treatment of primary glaucoma,not remove small beam,tissue damage is less,postoperative complication is less,can maintain the normal intraocular pressure,improve the visual acuity.

[Key words] Sclerectomy;Trabeculectomy;Primary glaucoma

青光眼是一组威胁和损害视神经及其通路而损害视觉功能,主要与病理性眼压升高有关的临床综合征或眼病,原发性青光眼还是眼科最重要的身心疾病。最典型和突出的表现是视盘的凹陷性萎缩和视野的特征性缺损、缩小。如不及时采取有效的治疗,视野可以全部丧失,最终导致无法逆转的失明[1]。小梁切除术是目前青光眼球外引流最常见的手术方式之一。保持持久的滤过功能,控制理想的眼内压仍是滤过手术的棘手问题。为提高手术的成功率,获得较好的远期疗效[2],本研究对25例(29只眼)原发性青光眼患者施行巩膜咬切术联合小梁切开术,效果满意。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

随机选取2003年12月~2006年12月在本院住院的原发性青光眼患者25例(29只眼),其中,男9例(10只眼),女16例(19只眼),年龄35~69岁,其中原发性闭角青光眼18例(20只眼),原发性开青光眼7例(9只眼),所有病例入院后作常规的全身和眼科检查,术前眼压为30~58 mm Hg,平均(38.33±5.36) mm Hg。术前视力:<0.1 10只眼,0.1~0.4 15只眼,0.5~0.8 4只眼。

1.2 术前准备

术前尽可能将眼压降至正常,瞳孔较大达8 mm的,用少量缩瞳剂。……

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