吴洋

内容摘要：流传至今的《毛诗》中，每一首诗的章句均标注在诗篇之后，而且有三首诗的章句载有毛公“故言”，说明毛公和郑玄划分章句的差异。然而敦煌本《毛诗》中，却出现章句标注在诗篇之前的现象，且完全不载毛公“故言”。本文针对这一现象，通过比较敦煌本《毛诗》以及宋刻《毛诗正义》和《经典释文》等，认为敦煌本《毛诗》展现了唐以前及唐初南北经学的区别以及融合过程，对于考察《毛诗》传本原貌及其流变具有重要的学术史意义。

关键词：章句；故言；诗经

中图分类号：G256.3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-4106（2014）02-0105-04

Characters and Academic Significance of the Book of Poetry among Dunhuang Documents Based on Its Chapters and Sentences

WU Yang

（Shool of Chinese Classics， RenminUniversity of China， Beijing 100872）

Abstract： In the extant versions of Maos Poetry， the commentaries are marked after the verses， and there are three poems with the“original words”of Duke Mao in their sentences， which illustrate the differences between the versions commented on by Duke Mao and by Zheng Xuan. However， in the version of“Maos Poetry” found among the Dunhuang documens， commentaries are marked in front of the verses or sentences without“original words.” A comparative study of the Dunhuang version of“Maos Poetry，” the Song dynasty engraved version of the“Proper Meaning of Maos Poetry，” and the Explanation on Classics suggests that the Dunhuang version exhibits the difference and process of unification of classical studies in pre-Tang and early Tang periods， and so it is of significant meaning for studying the origins and evolution of the extant version of Maos Poetry.

Keywords： Chapters and sentences； Duke Maos original words； Book of Poetry

《诗经》中对每一首诗的章句划分，是肇始于先秦的古老传统，《左传》中引《诗》、赋《诗》已有“首章”、“卒章”、“三章”的说法。这一传统为汉代经师所继承，汉代熹平石经所刻《鲁诗》以及近来出土的《阜阳汉简诗经》当中，亦均有章句划分①。流传至今的《毛诗》同样也是如此。

清代阮元校刻的《十三经注疏》中的《毛诗正义》是最通行的《毛诗》注疏本[1]，在这个本子中，每一首诗的后面都附有该诗的章句划分。值得注意的是，在《周南·关雎》一诗的后面，章句划分题作“《关雎》五章章四句，故言三章一章章四句二章章八句”，下面所附陆德明《经典释文》云：“五章是郑所分，故言以下是毛公本意，后放此”[2]。这是表明毛公与郑玄的章句划分有区别。在阮校《毛诗正义》中，共保留了三首诗的章句差异，除了《周南·关雎》以外，还有《大雅·思齐》和《大雅·行苇》[2] 1114，1153。

敦煌发现的《诗经》文献中，抄有《周南·关雎》（含章句）的有“斯1722”（白文……