王峥徐飞

摘要：以地铁为代表的城市轨道交通的发展在改善公共交通的同时也给城市的发展注入了新的活力；然而由于大多数地铁车站位于建筑林立的闹市区以及车流量较大的地面交通干线下，给车站基坑的设计和施工带来了巨大的风险，易导致周围地层的位移，产生较大的地表沉降。本文以广州某地铁车站基坑的工程实例，通过有限元模拟车站基坑施工对周边建筑物沉降影响的过程，对基坑实施的安全风险进行了数值分析，为设计的合理性和安全性提供了理论支持，其结论可作为类似市区基坑工程的参考依据。

关键词：地铁车站基坑工程 数值分析

Abstract: Represented by metro, the development of urban rail transit improved the public transportation as while as input new energy into the development of cities. However, most metro stations are located in the congested downtown areas and the main roads with more vehicle flux, which take a lot of risks to the designing and construction of pit. The displacement of the surrounding strata and surface subsidence are caused by pit construction. In this paper, takes a subway station pit for engineering example, the process of building subsidence influenced by construction of the metro station pit are studied by the finite element method. And the risk of construction is also analyzed. It provides theoretical support of the safety and rationality for designing, and the conclusion could be used as the basis for similar foundation pits.

Keywords: subway station; foundation pit; numerical analysis

中图分类号：TU476 文献标识码：A 文章编号：

0 引言

地铁车站作为城市轨道交通枢纽站点、地面客流的集散点,联系着地面与地下的客运功能,其通常需设置在城市客流较为集中的闹市区。然而由于闹市区地面状况更为复杂，周边建筑物较为密集，对车站基坑的设计和施工带来了风险同时也提出了更高的要求。

目前对于基坑变形的研究主要有实测统计分析法和数值方法两种。实测统计分析根据大量的基坑实测数据分析总结出基坑变形的一般规律，可以在基坑支护方案阶段为设计者提供参考[1]。然而由于各地区水文地质状况，施工工艺条件等方面的差异，实测统计分析往往具有较强的区域性[2][3]。数值分析方法主要有弹性地基梁发和二维（或三维）有限元法等两种。……